2021.07.11 國際新聞導讀-中國俄國伊朗紛對美國撤軍阿富汗表示憂心、以色列LIKUD黨內反納唐雅胡聲音起、以色列約旦關係大幅改善，約旦國王表示滿意

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2021.07.11 國際新聞導讀-中國俄國伊朗紛對美國撤軍阿富汗表示憂心、以色列LIKUD黨內反納唐雅胡聲音起、以色列約旦關係大幅改善，約旦國王表示滿意

阿卜杜拉國王“滿意”以色列新政府與約旦重建關係

約旦國王告訴赫爾佐格總統，他對政府重建兩國關係的努力感到滿意

作者：LAHAV HARKOV , TOVAH LAZAROFF

2021 年 7 月 10 日 22:26

約旦國王阿卜杜拉二世於 2020 年 1 月 15 日在法國斯特拉斯堡的歐洲議會發表講話。

（照片來源：路透社/文森特·凱斯勒/文件照片）

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週六晚上，約旦 國王阿卜杜拉 在與以色列領導人的電話中告訴艾薩克·赫爾佐格總統，他對以色列新政府為重建兩國關係所做的努力感到滿意。

阿卜杜拉在本週早些時候致電赫爾佐格，祝賀他就任總統。總統辦公室將這次通話描述為“友好而熱情”。

約旦國王的發言人說，約旦君主“對該國之間的外交關係最近恢復正常軌道表示滿意”。

赫爾佐格“強調了國家間戰略關係對促進和平與地區發展的重要性。”

阿卜杜拉和赫爾佐格同意保持聯繫，總統表示他計劃幫助加強這些聯繫，包括在經濟和旅遊領域。

上週，以色列達成協議，向約旦再出售 5000 萬立方米。水，並允許約旦從西岸進口的水量從去年的 1.6 億美元增加到約 7 億美元。

這些交易是在納夫塔利·貝內特 總理 和阿卜杜拉國王在安曼秘密會晤後達成的，隨後外交部長亞伊爾·拉皮德和約旦外長艾曼·薩法迪於週四舉行了公開會晤。

預計貝內特和阿卜杜拉將於今年夏天在華盛頓分別與美國總統喬拜登會面。拜登預計將於 7​​ 月 19 日在白宮接待哈希姆國王，但貝內特會議的日期尚未確定。

阿卜杜拉國王將成為拜登今年1月就任總統以來首位訪問白宮的阿拉伯領導人。在唐納德特朗普的前任政府期間，美國與約旦的關係有所降溫，特別是考慮到哈希姆王國強烈反對其解決以巴衝突的和平計劃。

美國國務院週五早上對以色列和約旦之間的協議表示歡迎，稱“正是這些切實的步驟促進了所有人的繁榮並促進了地區穩定。”

美國國務院表示，這些協議“加強了兩國之間的民事合作，並將通過允許約旦和約旦河西岸之間增加貿易來支持巴勒斯坦人民”。

“我們祝賀約旦國王阿卜杜拉二世陛下和外交部長薩法迪以及以色列總理貝內特和外長拉皮德達成這些交易，”它補充說。

King Abdullah ‘satisfied’ new Israeli gov’t rebuilding ties with Jordan

The Jordanian king told President Herzog that he is satisfied by the government's efforts to rebuild relations between the countries

By LAHAV HARKOV, TOVAH LAZAROFF

JULY 10, 2021 22:26

King of Jordan Abdullah II addresses the European Parliament in Strasbourg, France January 15, 2020.

(photo credit: REUTERS/VINCENT KESSLER/FILE PHOTO)

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Jordan's King Abdullah told President Isaac Herzog that he is satisfied by the new Israeli government’s efforts to rebuild relations between the countries, in a phone call between the leaders Saturday night.

Abdullah called Herzog to congratulate him on his inauguration into the presidency earlier in the week. The President’s Office characterized the call as “friendly and warm.”

The Jordanian monarch “expressed satisfaction from the return of the diplomatic relations between the country to their proper trajectory recently,” the president’s spokesman said.

Herzog “emphasized the importance of the strategic relations between the countries to promote peace and regional development.”

Abdullah and Herzog agreed to stay in touch and the president said he plans to help strengthen those ties, including in the areas of economics and tourism.

Last week, Israel struck a deal to sell Jordan an additional 50 million cu.m. of water this year, and allow Jordanian imports to the West Bank to go up from $160 million last year to about $700m.

The deals were concluded after Prime Minister Naftali Bennett and King Abdullah met secretly in Amman, followed by a public meeting on Thursday between Foreign Minister Yair Lapid and his Jordanian counterpart Ayman Safadi.

Bennett and Abdullah are expected to hold separate meetings with US President Joe Biden in Washington this summer. Biden expects to host the Hashemite king at the White House on July 19, but no date has been set for the Bennett meeting.

King Abdullah will be the first Arab leader to visit the White House since Biden became President in January. US-Jordanians ties had cooled under the previous administration of Donald Trump, particularly given the Hashemite Kingdom’s strong objections to its peace plan to resolve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

The State Department welcomed the deal between Israel and Jordan early Friday morning, saying that “it is these kinds of tangible steps that increase prosperity for all and advance regional stability.”

These agreements “strengthen civilian cooperation between the two countries and will support the Palestinian people by allowing increased trade between Jordan and the West Bank,” the State Department said.

“We congratulate His Majesty King Abdullah II and Foreign Minister Safadi of Jordan and Prime Minister Bennett and Foreign Minister Lapid of Israel for concluding these deals,” it added.

伊朗和俄羅斯對美國離開阿富汗表示擔憂

雖然俄羅斯和伊朗在阿富汗反對美國，但他們也認為美國在阿富汗的角色很方便。

作者：SETH J. FRANZMAN

2021 年 7 月 10 日 17:05

美國海軍陸戰隊在阿富汗南部的海軍陸戰隊基地前線填充沙袋。

（照片來源：JIM HOLLANDER/REUTERS）

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在一個奇怪的諷刺和命運的轉折中，俄羅斯和伊朗似乎擔心美國離開阿富汗以及塔利班在該國部分地區的迅速崛起。如果阿富汗解體，塔利班似乎最終會在喀布爾結束，並可能與土耳其、卡塔爾、巴基斯坦和其他國家簽署某種協議，這些國家可能會看到他們的利益在塔利班領導的阿富汗得到服務。

卡塔爾促成了塔利班與美國的談判，很可能希望它能促成塔利班的勝利。土耳其想控制喀布爾機場，很可能也想踩在四面楚歌的政府的脖子上，悄悄地幫助塔利班征服。巴基斯坦一直支持阿富汗的塔利班和極端分子。

俄羅斯和伊朗可能會受到這種設置的威脅。雖然俄羅斯和伊朗在阿富汗反對美國，他們還認為美國在那裡的角色很方便。美國和其他西方大國可以用來保護俄羅斯、伊朗和其他國家。在過去的幾天裡，有關俄羅斯的擔憂的報導不斷湧現。一名前俄羅斯外交官和兩名分析人士表示：“美國從阿富汗撤軍令莫斯科頭疼，莫斯科擔心不斷升級的戰鬥可能會將難民推入中亞後院，製造聖戰威脅，甚至在一個前蘇聯國家引發內戰。” 美軍上週撤離了主要的巴格拉姆空軍基地，大多數北約部隊也撤離了。這讓塔利班更加膽大妄為，它取得了領土進步，引發了對喀布爾政府控制權力的擔憂，並促使 1,000 多名阿富汗安全人員逃往塔吉克斯坦，”路透社指出。

這一系列事件很有趣。在過去的二十年裡，俄羅斯很高興讓美國在阿富汗擔負重任。既然美國已經把認為美國不會離開的國家稱為虛張聲勢，那麼可能是美國的對手跑來抱怨美國離開了。這是因為伊朗和俄羅斯與巴基斯坦-卡塔爾-土耳其聯盟體系的利益不同，後者傾向於支持阿富汗和全球的極端分子。伊朗不希望看到更多針對阿富汗什葉派的種族滅絕襲擊。近年來，伊朗虐待來自阿富汗的貧窮什葉派，招募他們到敘利亞作戰。但伊朗不希望哈扎拉社區受到傷害。這些窮人多年來一直遭受聖戰恐怖襲擊。

俄羅斯不希望它的中亞朋友受到威脅，而且由於其 1980 年代在阿富汗的悠久歷史，它非常清楚接下來會發生什麼。這留下了一個奇怪的設置，土耳其等美國北約盟國和美國擁有基地的卡塔爾等國家可能會從美國的退出中受益，而美國的對手則會擔心。這並不意味著美國離開就一定是對或錯。它只是說明了這些問題的複雜性以及所涉及的意想不到的後果。

Iran and Russia express concern over US leaving Afghanistan

While Russia and Iran opposed the US in Afghanistan, they also saw the US role there as convenient.

By SETH J. FRANTZMAN

JULY 10, 2021 17:05

US MARINES fill sandbags on the frontlines of a Marine Corps base in southern Afghanistan.

(photo credit: JIM HOLLANDER/REUTERS)

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In a bizarre irony and twist of fate it appears Russia and Iran are concerned about the US leaving Afghanistan and the rapid rise of the Taliban in parts of the country. If Afghanistan collapses it appears that the Taliban could end up in Kabul and perhaps sign some kind of deal with Turkey, Qatar, Pakistan and other countries that could see their interests served in a Taliban-led Afghanistan.

Qatar has brokered Taliban talks with the US, likely hoping it can broker a Taliban win. Turkey wants to control Kabul airport, likely also hoping to put its feet on the neck of the embattled government and aid the Taliban conquest quietly. Pakistan has always backed the Taliban and extremists in Afghanistan.

Russia and Iran may be threatened by this setup. While Russia and Iran opposed the US in Afghanistan, they also saw the US role there as convenient. The US and other western powers could be used to shield Russia, Iran and other states. In the last several days reports emerged about Russia’s concern. “The US exit from Afghanistan is a headache for Moscow which fears spiraling fighting may push refugees into its Central Asian backyard, create a jihadist threat and even stir civil war in one ex-Soviet state, a former Russian diplomat and two analysts said. US forces vacated their main Bagram Air Base last week and most NATO forces have also pulled out. That has emboldened the Taliban, which has made territorial advances, raising fears about the Kabul government's grip on power and prompting over 1,000 Afghan security personnel to flee to Tajikistan,” noted Reuters.

This turn of events is interesting. Russia was happy to let the US do the heavy lifting in Afghanistan over the last two decades. Now that the US has called the bluff of countries that thought America wouldn’t leave, it is US adversaries that may come running to complain that the US left. This is because Iran and Russia do not share the same interests as the Pakistan-Qatar-Turkey alliance system that tends to back extremists in Afghanistan and globally. Iran doesn’t want to see more genocidal attacks on Shi’ites in Afghanistan. Iran abused poor Shi’ites from Afghanistan in recent years, recruiting them to fight in Syria. But Iran doesn’t want the community of Hazzara’s harmed. These poor people have suffered under jihadist terror for many years.

Russia doesn’t want its Central Asian friends threatened and due to its long history in Afghanistan in the 1980s, it knows all too well what might happen next. This leaves a strange setup where US NATO allies like Turkey and countries like Qatar, where the US has a base, may benefit from the US leaving, while US adversaries will be concerned. This doesn’t mean the US is necessarily right or wrong to leave. It merely illustrates the complexities of these issues and the unintended consequences at stake.

伊朗持不同政見者尋求貝內特對民主和反恐的支持

該組織正在尋求“推翻這個即將獲得核彈的意識形態和中世紀政權”。

通過BENJAMIN WEINTHAL

2021 年 7 月 10 日 19:53

伊朗人在美國的民主抗議

（圖片來源：路透社）

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一群駐紮在伊朗伊斯蘭共和國以外的伊朗持不同政見者周四向納夫塔利·貝內特 (Naftali Bennett) 發表了一封賀信，敦促他也支持伊朗民主，並繼續以色列制止伊朗政權恐怖主義的運動。

伊朗神權國家的反對者寫道：“四十多年來，威脅以色列國的存在和對猶太人民的仇恨一直是伊斯蘭共和國統治不可分割的組成部分。除了促進國際恐怖主義之外，該政權還給伊朗人民帶來了貧困、經濟破產、鎮壓和無數社會問題。”

信中繼續說，“特別是在過去幾年裡，伊朗人多次走上街頭，勇敢地抗議伊斯蘭共和國——抗議活動以最無情的方式被鎮壓。出於這些原因，伊朗人的繁榮和民主未來以及以色列公民和猶太人的安全都需要推翻這個即將獲得核彈的意識形態和中世紀政權。”

該組織要求貝內特“繼續執行貴國過去幾年削弱該政權恐怖勢力，尤其是 IRGC [伊斯蘭革命衛隊] 的正確政策，並更加果斷。在我們全國各地的街頭屠殺伊朗抗議者的政權是章魚的頭目，它的觸角是恐怖分子，他們將不安全延伸到以色列和我們地區其他國家。”

簽署人寫道：“為此，我們要求你果斷而全面地支持不同但團結的伊朗人民團體的抗議，他們勇敢地為通過民主政府掌握自己的命運而鬥爭，這將重建和平關係。與鄰國和國際社會。我們還請求你們用反過濾和反審查技術支持伊朗人民。”

這封信以“賽勒斯協議”為標題，呼籲後伊斯蘭共和國政府與以色列建立外交關係，這是維多利亞·科茨 (Victoria Coates) 和 Len Khodorkovsky 在 2 月《耶路撒冷郵報》(Jerusalem Post) 的一篇評論文章中創造的詞。

“伊朗人民一貫明確表示反對該政權的反以色列和反猶太政策。我們相信，一個民主的伊朗，在其豐富的文化和歷史的支持下，將成為以色列的戰略盟友，也是國際社會在建立和平與穩定，特別是在中東建立和平與穩定的富有成效的成員。我們等待著伊朗和以色列這兩個古老國家在居魯士協議的主持下建立嚴肅的政治、文化、經濟和技術關係的那一天，我們相信這一天比以往任何時候都更接近，”簽署者寫道。

散居國外的著名伊朗人簽署了這封信，其中包括德籍伊朗記者 Saba Farzan、美國伊朗全國民主聯盟 (NUFDI) 政策主任 Cameron Khansarinia、Macdonald-Laurier 研究所高級研究員 Majid Mohamadi 的 Maryam Memarsadeghi 、退休教員、作家、伊朗分析家和伊朗-瑞典中東事務政治分析家 Fred Saberi。

Iran dissidents seek Bennett's support of democracy and counter-terrorism

The group is seeking the "overthrow of this ideological and medieval regime that is on the cuff of acquiring a nuclear bomb."

By BENJAMIN WEINTHAL

JULY 10, 2021 19:53

A pro-democracy protest by Iranians in the United States

(photo credit: REUTERS)

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A group of Iranian dissidents who are based outside of the Islamic Republic of Iran published on Thursday a congratulatory letter to Naftali Bennett, urging him to also support Iranian democracy and continue Israel’s campaign to stop Iranian regime terrorism.

The opponents of Iran’s theocratic state wrote “For more than four decades, threatening the existence of the state of Israel and hatred of the Jewish people has been an inseparable component of the Islamic Republic’s rule. In addition to its promotion of international terrorism, the regime has produced nothing but poverty, economic bankruptcy, suppression, and a myriad of social problems for the people of Iran.”

The letter continued that” Iranians, specifically in the past several years, have come to the streets multiple times and bravely protested the Islamic Republic — protests that were suppressed in the most ruthless manner possible. For these reasons, both the prosperity and democratic future of Iranians and the safety of Israeli citizens and the Jewish people require the overthrow of this ideological and medieval regime that is on the cuff of acquiring a nuclear bomb.”

The group requested the Bennett “continue your nation’s correct policy of the past several years of weakening the terrorist forces of this regime, especially the IRGC [Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps], with increased decisiveness. The regime that massacres Iranian protesters in streets across our country is the head of the octopus whose tentacles are the terrorists who extend insecurity to the state of Israel and other nations in our region.”

The signatories wrote that” To that end, we request that you decisively and comprehensively support the protests of the varying, but united, groups of the Iranian people bravely fighting to take charge of their own destiny through a democratic government, which will reestablish peaceful relations with its neighbors and the international community. We also request that you support the Iranian people with anti-filtering and anti-censorship technology.”

The letter concluded with a call for diplomatic relations between a post-Islamic Republic in Iran government and Israel under the title Cyrus Accords, a phrase that was coined by Victoria Coates and Len Khodorkovsky in a February Jerusalem Post opinion article.

“The Iranian people have consistently and clearly expressed their opposition to the regime’s anti-Israel and anti-Semitic policies. We believe that a democratic Iran, supported by its rich culture and history, will be a strategic ally of Israel and a productive member of the international community in establishing peace and stability, specifically in the Middle East. We await the day when the two ancient nations of Iran and Israel, under the auspices of the Cyrus Accords, establish serious political, cultural, economic, and technological relations and we believe that day is closer than ever,” wrote the signatories.

Prominent Iranians in the diaspora signed the letter, including Saba Farzan, Iranian-German Journalist, Cameron Khansarinia, Policy Director of National Union for Democracy in Iran (NUFDI) in the USA, Maryam Memarsadeghi, Senior Fellow at Macdonald-Laurier Institute, Majid Mohamadi, Retired Faculty Member, Writer, Iran Analyst, and Fred Saberi, Iranian-Swedish Political Analyst in Middle East affairs.

以色列卡茨：內塔尼亞胡不應因經濟成功而受到讚揚

前財政部長以色列卡茨是利庫德集團最資深的人物之一，並領導其管理秘書處長達二十年。

通過GIL HOFFMAN

2021 年 7 月 10 日 21:43

以色列總理內塔尼亞胡在內閣會議期間坐在外交部長以色列卡茨旁邊

（圖片來源：路透社）

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前財政部長以色列卡茨在周末表示，前總理本雅明內塔尼亞胡 將他的經濟成功歸功於他的做法是錯誤的，這是利庫德集團高級人物罕見的批評 。

卡茨是利庫德集團最資深的人物之一，領導其管理秘書處已有二十年。在接受第 12 頻道採訪時，卡茨宣稱自己是“利庫德集團之王”，並表示在內塔尼亞胡決定不再想要這份工作後，他將立即接替內塔尼亞胡擔任黨主席。

他說：“我不給自己最高級，但我在最困難的時候領導了財政部，現在全世界都在讚美我們。” “我在財政部的一年值五年。以色列國從過去一個世紀以來最嚴重的瘟疫中倖免於難。我全權負責，這將被銘記為有史以來最偉大的事情之一。”

當被問及內塔尼亞胡是否也參與其中時，卡茨說：“肯定不會。他什麼都沒碰。他忙於其他事情。只有我。所有的計劃都是我的。我提出了它們，單獨在議會中通過了它們，並確保它們會得到實施。我負有全部責任。”

卡茨說，內塔尼亞胡出席他的新聞發布會，是因為他過去擔任財政部長處理經濟問題的經驗。

當被問及內塔尼亞胡一再將他的成功歸功於自己是否讓他感到困擾時，卡茨承認這讓他很惱火。

“內塔尼亞胡 經常受到讚揚，”他說。“這是他個性和地位的一部分，這就是他的工作方式。他不只是因為我的工作而受到讚揚。多年來一直如此。美好的。如果他不拿功，他就不是比比。”

Israel Katz: Netanyahu does not deserve credit for economic success

Former finance minister Israel Katz is one of the most veteran figures in Likud and has headed its governing secretariat for two decades.

By GIL HOFFMAN

JULY 10, 2021 21:43

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu sits next to foreign minister Israel Katz during a cabinet meeting

(photo credit: REUTERS)

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In rare criticism from a senior Likud figure, former finance minister Israel Katz said over the weekend that former prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu was wrong to take credit for his success with the economy.

Katz is one of the most veteran figures in Likud and has headed its governing secretariat for two decades. In an interview with Channel 12, Katz declared himself “king of Likud” and said he would succeed Netanyahu as party chairman immediately after Netanyahu decides he no longer wants the job.

“I do not give myself superlatives, but I led the Finance Ministry in the most difficult time, and now the entire world is praising us,” he said. “My year in the Treasury is worth five years. The State of Israel was saved from the worst plague there has been in the past century. I was solely responsible, and it will be remembered as one of the greatest things ever done.”

Asked if Netanyahu was also involved, Katz said: “Definitely, definitely not. He didn’t touch anything. He was busy with other things. It was only me. All the plans were mine. I presented them, passed them in the Knesset alone and ensured they would be implemented. I had full responsibility.”

Katz said Netanyahu came to his press conferences, because of his past experience dealing with the economy as finance minister.

Asked if it bothered him that Netanyahu repeatedly took credit for his success, Katz admitted it annoyed him.

“Netanyahu regularly takes credit,,” he said. “That is part of his personality and his stature, and that is the way he works. He doesn’t only take credit for my work. It has been that way for years. Fine. If he didn’t take credit, he would not be Bibi.”

阿巴斯與埃爾多安討論加沙重建與哈馬斯和解

據巴勒斯坦消息人士稱，在巴納特死後，阿巴斯還將要求埃爾多安向哈馬斯施壓，要求其停止煽動反對巴勒斯坦權力機構領導層。

由哈利·阿布·托梅

2021 年 7 月 10 日 20:10

土耳其總統塔伊普·埃爾多安和巴勒斯坦總統馬哈茂德·阿巴斯（左）於 2015 年 1 月 12 日在安卡拉總統府向媒體發表講話

（圖片來源：路透社）

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巴勒斯坦民族權力機構主席馬哈茂德·阿巴斯週六在伊斯坦布爾會見了土耳其總統雷傑普·塔伊普 ·埃爾多安 ，討論巴勒斯坦領域的最新發展。

巴勒斯坦官員說，應埃爾多安的邀請，阿巴斯於週五晚抵達伊斯坦布爾進行為期三天的訪問。

會議召開之際，他繼續 因巴勒斯坦安全官員被巴勒斯坦安全官員毆打致死的巴勒斯坦權力機構評論家尼扎爾·巴納特 (Nizar Banat) 之死以及西岸對政治活動家、社交媒體用戶和記者的大規模鎮壓而繼續面臨廣泛批評。 .

官員們說，阿巴斯將要求埃爾多安利用他對哈馬斯的影響來解決巴勒斯坦權力機構與伊斯蘭運動之間關於重建加沙地帶的爭端。

巴勒斯坦權力機構主席堅持認為，加沙地帶的所有資金都應通過位於拉馬拉的巴勒斯坦權力機構政府轉移，而不是直接轉移給哈馬斯。控制加沙的恐怖組織則表示，它準備讓巴勒斯坦權力機構參與重建工作，但只能與巴勒斯坦各派別的代表一起參與。

據巴勒斯坦消息人士稱，在巴納特死後，阿巴斯還將要求埃爾多安向哈馬斯施壓，要求其停止煽動反對巴勒斯坦權力機構領導層。

巴勒斯坦權力機構的官方通訊社瓦法說，阿巴斯向土耳其總統簡要介紹了“以色列在被佔領的耶路撒冷正在進行的襲擊，包括驅逐居民”，指的是圍繞在東耶路撒冷謝赫賈拉附近的阿拉伯家庭被驅逐出家園的爭議。 . 這些房屋在 1948 年之前歸猶太人所有。

陪同阿巴斯訪問的有巴勒斯坦權力機構外交部長里亞德·馬爾基、民政總局局長侯賽因·謝赫、情報總局局長馬吉德·法拉杰和巴勒斯坦權力機構總統的宗教事務顧問馬哈茂德·哈巴什。

在訪問前夕，巴納特的兄弟加桑呼籲埃爾多安“與走上街頭抗議我兄弟之死的示威者站在一起”。他還呼籲埃爾多安要求阿巴斯下台。

“阿巴斯當局必須承認發生的事情是政治犯罪，”這位兄弟告訴哈馬斯附屬的阿克薩廣播電台。

“馬哈茂德·阿巴斯和他的安全機構應對這一罪行的影響負責，”他說。“必須在國際社會監督下舉行的自由和透明選舉的基礎上重建巴勒斯坦政治體系。”

Abbas, Erdogan discuss Gaza reconstruction, reconciliation with Hamas

According to Palestinian sources, Abbas will also ask Erdogan to pressure Hamas to stop inciting against the PA leadership following the death of Banat.

By KHALED ABU TOAMEH

JULY 10, 2021 20:10

Turkey's President Tayyip Erdogan and Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas (L) address the media at the Presidential Palace in Ankara January 12, 2015

(photo credit: REUTERS)

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Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas met in Istanbul on Saturday with Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan to discuss the latest developments in the Palestinian arena.

Abbas arrived in Istanbul on Friday night on a three-day visit at the invitation of Erdogan, Palestinian officials said.

The meeting came as he continues to face widespread criticism over the death of PA critic Nizar Banat, who was reportedly beaten to death by Palestinian security officers, as well as regarding a massive crackdown on political activists, social media users and journalists in the West Bank.

Abbas will ask Erdogan to use his influence with Hamas to resolve the dispute between the PA and the Islamist movement over the reconstruction of the Gaza Strip, the officials said.

The PA president insists that all funds to the Gaza Strip be transferred through the PA government in Ramallah, and not directly to Hamas. The terrorist group in control of Gaza, for its part, said that it is prepared to allow the PA to participate in the reconstruction effort, but only together with representatives of various Palestinian factions.

According to Palestinian sources, Abbas will also ask Erdogan to pressure Hamas to stop inciting against the PA leadership following the death of Banat.

The PA’s official news agency Wafa said that Abbas briefed the Turkish president on “ongoing Israeli assaults in occupied Jerusalem, including the expulsion of residents,” referring to the controversy surrounding the eviction of Arab families from their homes in the east Jerusalem neighborhood of Sheikh Jarrah. The houses were owned by Jews before 1948.

Abbas is accompanied on his visit by PA Foreign Minister Riyad Malki, head of the General Authority of Civil Affairs Hussein al-Sheikh, General Intelligence Service chief Majed Faraj and Mahmoud Habbash, religious affairs adviser to the PA president.

On the eve of the visit, Banat’s brother, Ghassan, appealed to Erdogan to “stand with the demonstrators who took to the streets to protest the death of my brother.” He also called on Erdogan to demand that Abbas step down.

“The Abbas authority must admit that what happened was a political crime,” the brother told the Hamas-affiliated Al-Aqsa radio station.

“Mahmoud Abbas and his security establishment bear responsibility for the repercussions of this crime,” he said. “The Palestinian political system must be reconstructed on the basis of free and transparent elections that will be held under the supervision of the international community.”

PA將解僱譴責反腐敗活動家死亡的員工

星期五，數百名巴勒斯坦人再次在希伯倫示威，抗議巴納特之死，並高呼口號，呼籲巴勒斯坦權力機構領導層垮台。

由哈利·阿布·托梅

2021 年 7 月 10 日 20:07

巴勒斯坦權力機構總統馬哈茂德·阿巴斯上個月在拉馬拉舉行的討論阿聯酋與以色列關係正常化協議的會議上表示。

（信息來源：MOHAMAD TOROKMAN /路透社）

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巴勒斯坦政治活動人士呼籲週日下午在拉馬拉舉行另一場抗議活動，要求追究對巴勒斯坦權力機構批評者尼扎爾·巴納特 (Nizar Banat) 之死負有責任的人。

活動人士表示，他們還將抗議巴勒斯坦權力機構對約旦河西岸政治反對派、社交媒體用戶和記者正在進行的安全鎮壓。

上週，巴勒斯坦權力機構安全部隊禁止了本應在拉馬拉市中心舉行的類似抗議活動，並拘留了幾名活動人士。

包括五名女性在內的一些抗議者後來抱怨說，她們遭到了巴勒斯坦權力機構安全人員的毆打、性騷擾和拘留。

巴納特是巴勒斯坦權力機構的著名批評者，6 月 24 日，在 20 多名巴勒斯坦軍官突襲了他在希伯倫睡覺的房子後不久，他被宣布死亡。他的家人指責軍官用槍托和鐵棍將他打死。

星期五，數百名巴勒斯坦人再次在希伯倫示威，抗議巴納特之死，高呼口號，呼籲巴勒斯坦權力機構領導層垮台 。

抗議者指責當局未能採取實際行動懲罰那些參與巴納特暴力死亡的人，巴納特是本應在 5 月 22 日舉行的巴勒斯坦議會選舉的自由和尊嚴選舉名單上的候選人。

巴勒斯坦權力機構政府設立的一個委員會調查導致該活動人士死亡的情況，發現有 14 名警官參與了這起事件。但它尚未公佈調查結果，目前尚不清楚是否有任何警官被捕或受審。

拉馬拉的一名巴勒斯坦權力機構官員周末表示，哈馬斯、伊斯蘭解放陣線和巴解組織的解放巴勒斯坦人民陣線（PFLP）以及被驅逐的法塔赫特工穆罕默德·達蘭（Mohammed Dahlan）是抗議活動的幕後推手。巴納特死後。

Hizb ut Tahrir 在希伯倫擁有數千名支持者，是一個國際泛伊斯蘭主義和原教旨主義政治組織，其宣稱的目標是在一個伊斯蘭哈里發國的統治下團結穆斯林。

這位官員警告說，巴勒斯坦權力機構將毫不猶豫地對任何以破壞巴勒斯坦領導層和“散佈混亂和無政府狀態”為目標的巴勒斯坦個人或團體使用“鐵拳”。

據巴勒斯坦正義律師稱，自巴納特死後，巴勒斯坦權力機構安全部隊已經逮捕了 70 多名巴勒斯坦人。

在相關進展中，巴勒斯坦權力機構警告其員工不要在社交媒體網絡上發表評論或參加譴責巴納特之死的和平集會。

旨在打擊腐敗的巴勒斯坦民間社會組織問責與誠信聯盟 (AMAN) 表示，它收到了巴勒斯坦公務員的投訴，他們受到“行政違法行為的侵害，侵犯了言論自由權”。

據AMAN報導，各PA事業單位已發出口頭指示，多名人員受到解僱威脅。

在給巴勒斯坦權力機構總理 Mohammad Shtayyeh 的一封信中，該組織寫道“每個巴勒斯坦人的意見和言論自由的權利都應該得到尊重”。

它說，民間社會組織正在監測影響巴勒斯坦權力機構統治地區公共自由的事態發展，“特別是在政治和社會活動家尼扎爾·巴納特被暗殺之後 。”

星期五，法塔赫領導層決定驅逐拉馬拉北部比爾宰特大學該派系學生青年運動的領導人聖戰哈馬耶勒。

在學生運動發表聲明譴責巴納特之死和巴勒斯坦權力機構鎮壓政治活動家後，哈馬耶爾被開除。該運動還呼籲 Shtayyeh 披露襲擊該活動人士的細節，並追究相關責任人的責任。

伊朗尋求石油戰略轉變，認為伊朗交易不那麼重要

伊朗的石油專家估計，世界將繼續依賴化石燃料，但西方國家的這種依賴正在下降。

作者：SETH J. FRANZMAN

2021 年 7 月 10 日 16:50

2019 年 9 月 21 日，伊朗西南部阿巴丹煉油廠的全景，照片是從伊拉克一側在伊拉克巴士拉以南的 Al-Faw 拍攝的 Shatt al-Arab

（圖片來源：路透社/ESSAM AL-SUDANI）

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根據 Fars News 的一篇文章，伊朗在長期關注西方和歐洲之後，正在尋求能源戰略的轉變。現在的目標將集中在金磚國家集團，即巴西、俄羅斯、中國、印度和南非。

文章指出，中國和印度是世界兩大工業中心，正在崛起為更強大的國家。伊朗與中國簽訂了一項為期 25 年的新協議。伊朗的石油專家估計，世界將繼續依賴化石燃料，但西方國家的這種依賴正在下降。

“中國現在佔世界石油和天然氣消費的份額為 26%，到 ​​2050 年將達到 32%，”文章指出。“中國可再生能源佔比目前為5%，到2050年將達到19%。中國最大的石油消費量預計為每年3.4億噸，不可燃能源消耗量為每年1億噸。”

文章認為，伊朗擁有大量的石油和天然氣資源。它需要重新定位以供應印度和中國。“歐盟和美國由於在太陽能、風能和提高核電站能源生產效率方面的大量投資，以及高儲蓄和技術升級，使它們的化石燃料消耗保持在同一水平或略有減少，”文章指出。“他們不需要伊朗的石油和天然氣。所以主要的問題是，歷屆政府關於向歐美生產和出口石油和天然氣以及將國家經濟與五加一談判掛鉤的方向是否正確？”

這關係到與伊朗有交易的國家，以及伊朗浪費時間與西方打交道是否正確。法爾斯的分析說伊朗犯了一個錯誤。

這位分析人士說，魯哈尼政府的重點在戰略上是錯誤的。“他們以伊朗協議談判的形式讓這個國家陷入困境 8 年，希望不需要你的石油和天然氣的人 [會談判]。” 從某種意義上說，這篇文章是在說伊朗不需要重新談判伊朗協議。文章指出：“這是一個戰略性的、非常有害的錯誤，給國家造成了很多損失和不利。”

它聲稱伊朗應該把重點放在巴西、俄羅斯、中國、印度、南非。“因此，石油部在新一屆政府中的方向和做法應該是切斷美國、歐洲和經合組織國家的希望和期望，將與金磚國家認真的戰略談判提上日程，還有我們和俄羅斯；意識形態上就像兩列不會無限期相遇的火車，我們可以為中國、印度、巴西、南非以及一些金磚國家和我們自己的國家提供 21 世紀的能源安全。”

從本質上講，這篇文章認為伊朗是在通過希望西方投資來挖沙子。為了與歐洲合作，它不必要地將中國驅逐了多年。現在它明白了，它必須與中國、印度和其他國家一起前進。這是外交部和政府首腦的心態轉變。它還對與美國的伊朗協議談判產生影響，因為伊朗暗示它甚至不需要重返協議。

Iran seeks oil strategy shift, sees Iran Deal as less important

Iran’s oil experts estimate that the world will continue to rely on fossil fuels but that such dependency is declining in western countries.

By SETH J. FRANTZMAN

JULY 10, 2021 16:50

A general view of Abadan oil refinery in southwest Iran, is pictured from Iraqi side of Shatt al-Arab in Al-Faw south of Basra, Iraq September 21, 2019

(photo credit: REUTERS/ESSAM AL-SUDANI)

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Iran is seeking an energy strategy shift after focusing for too long on the West and Europe, according to an article at Fars News. The goal will now be to focus on the BRICS group of countries, namely Brazil, Russia, China, India and South Africa.

The article notes that China and India are two major industrial hubs of the world and are emerging as more powerful countries. Iran has a new 25 year deal with China. Iran’s oil experts estimate that the world will continue to rely on fossil fuels but that such dependency is declining in western countries.

“China's share of world oil and gas consumption is now 26 percent, and by 2050 it will be 32 percent,” the article notes. “The share of renewable energy in China is now 5% and will reach 19% in 2050. China's largest oil consumption is projected at 340 million tons per year and non-combustible consumption at 100 million tons per year.”

The article argues that Iran has large oil and gas resources. It needs to reposition itself to supply India and China. “The European Union and the United States, due to their large investments in solar energy, wind energy and increasing the production efficiency of energy from their nuclear power plants, and with high savings and technology upgrades, keep their fossil fuel consumption at the same level or slightly reduced,” the article notes. “They will not need Iranian oil and gas. So the main question is whether the direction of the previous governments in relation to the production and export of oil and gas to Europe and the United States and tying the country's economy to the five-plus-one negotiations was correct or not?”

This relates to the Iran deal countries, and whether Iran was correct to waste time dealing with the West. The analysis at Fars says Iran made a mistake.

The analyst says that the focus of the Rouhani administration was strategically wrong. “They kept the country in limbo for 8 years in the form of Iran Deal negotiations, hoping that someone who does not need your oil and gas [will negotiate].” In a sense the article is saying that Iran doesn’t need to renegotiate an Iran deal. “It was a strategic and very harmful mistake that has caused a lot of losses and disadvantages for the country,” the article notes.

It asserts that Iran should focus on Brazil, Russia, China, India, South Africa. “Therefore, the direction and approach of the Ministry of Petroleum in this new government should be to cut off the hopes and expectations of the United States, Europe and OECD countries, and to put serious and strategic negotiations on the agenda with the BRICS countries, and us and Russia; ideologically like two trains that do not meet indefinitely, we can provide energy security in the 21st century in China, India, Brazil, South Africa, and some of the BRICS and our own countries.”

In essence the article argues Iran was plowing sand by hoping for western investment. It needlessly pushed China away for years with hopes of work with Europe. Now it understands that it must move forward with China, India and other countries. This is a shift in mentality for the foreign ministry and government heads. It also has ramifications for the Iran Deal negotiations with the US, because Iran is hinting it doesn’t even need to return to the deal.

拜登可能會成功實現以巴和平-意見

美國總統可以通過重申兩個國家仍然是唯一可行的選擇，並為此努力在實地創造條件來建立以巴和平。

作者：ALON BEN-MEIR

2021 年 7 月 8 日 20:43

2021 年 6 月 25 日，美國總統喬·拜登在登上海軍陸戰隊一號直升機從美國華盛頓白宮前往戴維營前揮手致意。

（圖片來源：路透社/喬納森恩斯特）

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美國仍然是可以使以色列和巴勒斯坦人實現持久和平的不可或缺的力量，因為沒有任何其他力量可以對雙方施加達成協議所需的那種影響。

要實現這一目標，拜登政府必鬚髮揮積極作用，提出自己的想法，利用其龐大的資源和影響力說服和/或施壓雙方做出必要的妥協，以達成基於兩國的預定和平協議。 - 國家解決方案，經過幾年的和解進程。

與大多數以色列人的看法相反，美國傳統上對以色列的無條件支持對以巴和平的前景造成了重大損害。美國持續的政治、軍事和經濟支持——沒有堅持要求以色列結束佔領——使以色列能夠維持現狀並在西岸創造新的政治和物質條件，這嚴重破壞了兩國的前景狀態解決方案。

前總統唐納德特朗普通過單方面推進一項實質上有利於以色列的和平計劃使事情變得更糟，並提供了一項條款，允許以色列吞併約旦河西岸額外 30% 的土地，但令人高興的是，該計劃沒有實現。

儘管巴勒斯坦權力機構認為，而且有理由認為，美國一直偏向於以色列，但它也明白只有美國才能要求以色列做出讓和平成為可能的必要讓步。

不過，隨著特朗普的計劃被打亂，拜登總統接任，巴勒斯坦方面已經表示願意在美國的斡旋下恢復和談。拜登應該首先修復特朗普對整個和平進程造成的嚴重破壞，並恢復巴勒斯坦人對最終可能導致永久解決方案的新談判的信心。

新的機會

現在以色列有了一個由民族主義者納夫塔利·貝內特 (Naftali Bennett) 領導的新政府，它為拜登政府提供了一個機會，可以向以色列人發出明確的信息，即現在是對巴勒斯坦人表現出一些溫和態度的時候了，兩國解決方案仍然存在美國完全承諾的唯一選擇。

雖然貝內特政府代表了從左到右的整個以色列政治派別，包括以色列-阿拉伯人，但由於其合作夥伴之間缺乏共識，聯盟決定將以色列-巴勒斯坦衝突置於次要地位是短視的，極具破壞性。事實上，只有這樣一個代表整個以色列政治光譜的政府才有可能達成協議。

在巴勒斯坦方面，巴勒斯坦權力機構主席馬哈茂德·阿巴斯在定居點、耶路撒冷和難民問題上採取了強硬立場，他幾乎不可能扭轉局面並保住權力。他不想離開被指控出賣巴勒斯坦事業的政治舞台。

鑑於阿巴斯站不住腳的立場，現在是巴勒斯坦人選擇新領導人的時候了。巴勒斯坦權力機構近15年沒有舉行議會選舉，公眾對現政府已基本失去信心。拜登應堅持要求巴勒斯坦人為新選舉安排一個明確的日期，並承諾支持任何自由和公正當選的巴勒斯坦領導人，包括與哈馬斯有關聯的領導人，前提是他們承認以色列的主權並致力於和平。

為了表明他對巴勒斯坦事業的支持，拜登明智地恢復了對巴勒斯坦人的財政支持。此外，拜登應在東耶路撒冷設立美國領事館，為巴勒斯坦人服務，並邀請巴勒斯坦人重新開放他們在華盛頓的使命。為了表達以色列方面的善意，拜登應該懇求貝內特釋放所有巴勒斯坦政治犯，尤其是那些手上沒有血的人。

最後，拜登應該明確指出，雖然美國支持其盟友並致力於維護他們的安全和福祉，但反過來，他們必須仔細考慮美國在該地區的整體地緣戰略利益，特別是與伊朗有關的利益。

在這方面，拜登可以就伊朗核計劃的修訂協議進行談判，要求以色列提供支持，以換取以色列對伊朗核威脅的擔憂並及時通報情況。事實上，新的核協議和以色列-巴勒斯坦戰線的進展將大大阻止伊朗通過武裝阿拉伯武裝分子、煽動暴力和播下不穩定性來謀求自身利益來利用衝突。

和解的過程

鑑於以巴衝突的複雜性、根深蒂固的相互仇恨、不信任和敵意，以及人們對和平可以實現的信心日益喪失，拜登政府必須堅持要求雙方參與政府對政府和人民的進程。 ——人與人的和解。這樣的過程肯定會減輕不信任，降低敵意程度，並為加強合作打開大門。

的確，在任何情況下，雙方幾年的冷靜與​​合作，將大大有助於建立相互信任和理解彼此關切，並逐步為永久解決鋪平道路。

由於預計貝內特很快將訪問白宮，拜登將有機會向以色列領導人明確解釋美國：

a) 致力於兩國解決方案，不僅因為它在道德上是正確的，而且因為它是唯一能夠保持以色列民主性質及其猶太民族特性的解決方案；

b) 將反對吞併任何巴勒斯坦領土，並拒絕將巴勒斯坦人從他們在西岸和東耶路撒冷任何地方的家園驅逐；

c) 堅決支持擴大雙方安全合作，要求以色列和巴勒斯坦權力機構立即參與各級和解進程；

d) 預計貝內特政府支持修訂後的伊朗核協議，如上所述。一旦與巴勒斯坦和其他海灣國家達成和平協議，美國將考慮將其核保護傘擴展到該地區，這很可能說服伊朗不要追求核武器。

隨著美國、以色列和巴勒斯坦權力機構的新領導層出現，這是推進和平事業的難得機會。拜登應該向反對建立巴勒斯坦國的貝內特和他的右翼聯盟夥伴表明，他們現在正站在歷史的面前；他們必鬚麵對不可避免的以色列擺脫佔領的束縛。

這將是政治家的標誌，追隨梅納赫姆貝京的腳步，尤其是當以色列未來的福祉和國家安全岌岌可危時。拜登有能力在他的前任失敗的地方取得成功。

作者是紐約大學全球事務中心的國際關係教授。他教授國際談判和中東研究課程。

Biden may succeed in making Israeli-Palestinian peace - opinion

The US president could forge an Israeli-Palestinian peace by restating that 2 states remains the only viable option, and working to create the conditions on the ground to that end.

By ALON BEN-MEIR

JULY 8, 2021 20:43

US President Joe Biden waves before boarding the Marine One helicopter to depart for Camp David from the White House in Washington, US June 25, 2021.

(photo credit: REUTERS/JONATHAN ERNST)

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The US remains the indispensable power that can bring both Israel and the Palestinians to an enduring peace, as no other power can exert the kind of influence on both sides that is needed to reach an agreement.

For the Biden administration to bring this about, it must play an active role by advancing its own ideas and using its vast resources and influence to persuade and/or pressure both sides to make the necessary compromises to conclude a predetermined peace accord based on a two-state solution, following a period of a few years for a reconciliatory process.

Contrary to the view held by most Israelis, the US’s traditional unqualified support of Israel has caused significant damage to the prospect of an Israeli-Palestinian peace. The US’s continued political, military and economic backing – without insisting that Israel bring an end to the occupation – has enabled Israel to maintain the status quo and create new political and physical conditions in the West Bank that have severely undermined the prospect of a two-state solution.

Former president Donald Trump made matters worse by unilaterally advancing a peace plan that substantially favored Israel, and provided a provision that would have allowed Israel to annex an additional 30% of the West Bank, which happily did not come to fruition.

Although the Palestinian Authority believes, and justifiably so, that the US has been biased all along in favor of Israel, it also understands that only the US can exact from Israel the kind of concessions necessary to make peace possible.

However, as the Trump plan has been scuttled and President Joe Biden has taken over, the Palestinians have already indicated that they are willing to resume peace talks with US mediation. Biden should begin by repairing the severe damage that Trump has inflicted on the entire peace process and restore the Palestinians’ confidence in new negotiations that could eventually lead to a permanent solution.

New opportunities

Now that Israel has a new government, led by the nationalist Naftali Bennett, it provides the Biden administration with the opportunity to send a clear message to the Israelis that it is time to exhibit some moderation toward the Palestinians and that a two-state solution remains the only option, to which the US is fully committed.

While the Bennett government represents the entire Israeli political spectrum from Left to Right, including the Israeli-Arabs, the coalition’s decision to put the Israeli-Palestinian conflict on the back burner due to a lack of consensus between its partners is shortsighted and extremely damaging. In fact, only such a government that represents the entire Israeli political spectrum stands a real chance of reaching an agreement.

On the Palestinian side, PA President Mahmoud Abbas has taken a hard position in connection with the settlements, Jerusalem and the refugees, and it will be nearly impossible for him to reverse course and retain power. He does not want to leave the political scene accused of having sold out the Palestinian cause.

Given Abbas’s untenable position, it is time for the Palestinians to choose new leaders. The PA has not held parliamentary elections for nearly 15 years, and the public has largely lost confidence in the current government. Biden should insist that the Palestinians schedule a definitive date for new elections and pledge to support any freely and fairly elected Palestinian leader, including those affiliated with Hamas, provided that they recognize Israel’s sovereignty and are committed to peace.

To demonstrate his support for the Palestinian cause, Biden has wisely reinstated financial support for the Palestinians. In addition, Biden should establish a US consulate in east Jerusalem serving the Palestinians and invite the Palestinians to reopen their mission in Washington. To show goodwill on Israel’s part, Biden should implore Bennett to release all Palestinian political prisoners, particularly those who have no blood on their hands.

Finally, Biden should make it clear that whereas America stands by its allies and is committed to their security and well-being, they, in turn, must reciprocate by carefully considering the US’s overall geostrategic interests in the region, particularly in relation to Iran.

In this regard, Biden can negotiate a revised deal regarding Iran’s nuclear program, requiring Israel’s support in return for carefully weighing Israel’s concerns over the Iranian nuclear threat and keeping it informed. In fact, a new nuclear deal and progress on the Israeli-Palestinian front will significantly disabuse Iran from exploiting the conflict by arming Arab militants, instigating violence and sowing instability to serve its own interest.

Process of reconciliation

Given the complexity of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, the ingrained mutual hatred, distrust and hostility, and the growing loss of confidence that peace is attainable, the Biden administration must insist that both parties engage in a process of government-to-government and people-to-people reconciliation. Such a process would certainly mitigate distrust, reduce the level of hostility, and open the door for growing cooperation.

Indeed, under any circumstances, a few years of calm and cooperation between the two sides will go a long way toward building mutual trust and understanding each other’s concerns, and gradually pave the way for a permanent solution.

Since it is expected that Bennett will soon visit the White House, Biden will have the opportunity to explain to the Israeli leader in unequivocal terms that the US:

a) is committed to a two-state solution not only because it is morally correct, but because it is the only solution that will preserve the democratic nature of Israel as well as its Jewish national identity;

b) will oppose the annexation of any Palestinian territory and reject the eviction of Palestinians from their homes in any part of the West Bank as well as east Jerusalem;

c) strongly supports the expansion of security cooperation between the two sides and requires that Israel and the PA immediately engage in the process of reconciliation on all levels;

d) expects the Bennett government to support a revised Iranian nuclear deal, as described above. Once a peace agreement is achieved with the Palestinians and the rest of the Arab Gulf states, the US will consider extending its nuclear umbrella to the region, which may well persuade Iran not to pursue nuclear weapons.

With new leadership in the US, Israel, and soon in the PA, there is a rare opportunity to advance the cause of peace. Biden should make it clear to Bennett and his right-wing coalition partners who oppose the creation of a Palestinian state that they are now standing before history; they must face the inevitable and free Israel from the bondage of occupation.

This would be the hallmark of statesmanship, in the footsteps of Menachem Begin, especially when Israel’s future well-being and national security are on the line. Biden is well positioned to succeed where his predecessors have failed.

The writer is a professor of international relations at the Center for Global Affairs at NYU. He teaches courses on international negotiation and Middle Eastern studies.