2021.07.31 國際新聞導讀-伊朗公開攻擊以色列船隻報復以色列在敘利亞的空襲、以色列下週起為60歲以上長者打第三劑加強劑、美國參議員泰德克魯茲表示不應強加以色列兩國方案、阿曼維持中立不靠邊站能撐多久？

蘇老師講解國際新聞、中東與中亞歷史、中國事務、太空知識的頻道。 Diplomat's daily news review and history research on Middle East and Central Asia, China Affairs and Space Exploration

2021.07.31 國際新聞導讀-伊朗公開攻擊以色列船隻報復以色列在敘利亞的空襲、以色列下週起為60歲以上長者打第三劑加強劑、美國參議員泰德克魯茲表示不應強加以色列兩國方案、阿曼維持中立不靠邊站能撐多久？

據稱伊朗無人機襲擊以色列管理的船隻造成兩人死亡

“伊朗人用無人駕駛飛機襲擊了這艘船。一艘無辜的船，無辜的死者，”一位不願透露姓名的以色列官員告訴第 13 頻道。

作者：邁克爾·斯塔爾，亞倫·賴希

2021 年 7 月 30 日 22:02

一艘油輪在阿曼灣遭到襲擊後被看到

（圖片來源：ISNA/REUTERS）

據第 13 頻道報導，週四晚間，據稱伊朗無人機襲擊了一艘由以色列商人 Eyal Ofer 的航運公司在北印度洋管理的船隻，兩名水手喪生。

一位不願透露姓名的以色列官員在第 13 頻道上聲稱伊朗使用無人機襲擊了這艘船。一架無人駕駛飛機。一艘無辜的船，無辜的死者。”

據伊朗新聞媒體 al-Alam 報導，這次襲擊是為了回應 據稱以色列對敘利亞西北部霍姆斯省的 Dabaa 軍用機場發動空襲。

一位不願透露姓名的以色列官員表示，“伊朗在整個地區播下暴力和破壞的種子”。

“伊朗的襲擊發生在賴西宣誓就職的前幾天。面具正在脫落，沒有人可以假裝不了解伊朗政權的真實本質。”

“伊朗不僅僅是以色列的問題，”這位不願透露姓名的消息人士補充道。“伊朗是一個全球性問題，該政權的行為危及全球航運和貿易的流動和自由。”

一位美國消息人士還告訴沃拉新聞，這次襲擊是用無人機進行的，並指出這是一次自殺式無人機襲擊。

Zodiac Maritime 將襲擊中遇難船員的國籍列為羅馬尼亞和英國。據第 13 頻道報導，這名高級官員聲稱“遇害的羅馬尼亞人是船長，英國人是一名保安。” 該公司不知道有任何其他傷害。

這艘名為M/T Mercer Street的日本產品油輪據稱在從坦桑尼亞達累斯薩拉姆航行至阿聯酋富查伊拉時遭到海盜襲擊，“船上沒有貨物”，Zodiac Maritime 航運公司在其聲明中表示。陳述。

“我們正在與英國 MTO（英國海事貿易運營）和其他相關部門進行協調和聯絡，”Zodiac Maritime 說。

歐盟通過制裁黎巴嫩的法律框架 - 聲明

歐盟週五表示，它已經通過了針對黎巴嫩個人和實體的製裁制度的法律框架。

通過路透

2021 年 7 月 30 日 19:20

2021 年 3 月 24 日，歐盟旗幟在比利時布魯塞爾的歐盟委員會總部外飄揚

（圖片來源：REUTERS/YVES HERMAN）

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歐盟週五表示，在黎巴嫩面臨金融崩潰、惡性通貨膨脹以及食品和燃料短缺一年的危機之後，它已經通過了針對黎巴嫩個人和實體的製裁制度的法律框架。

它在一份聲明中表示，該框架提供了對那些對破壞黎巴嫩民主或法治負責的人實施制裁的可能性。

在法國的領導下，歐盟正尋求加大對黎巴嫩爭吵不休的政客的壓力，這是更廣泛的國際努力的一部分，旨在迫使一個能夠實施關鍵改革的穩定政府擺脫貝魯特港口爆炸後的政治混亂和經濟崩潰。

歐盟聲明說：“然而，最重要的是黎巴嫩領導人擱置分歧，共同組建政府並製定必要措施，引導該國走向可持續復甦。”

歐盟在 7 月初警告稱，制裁措施不會立即實施。

制裁制度可能會使個人受到旅行禁令和資產凍結的打擊，儘管它也可能決定不立即將任何人列入名單。外交官表示，不太可能在夏季結束前確定目標。

聲明說，歐盟個人和實體也被禁止向被列入名單的人提供資金。

歐盟制裁的標準將包括腐敗、阻礙組建政府的努力、金融不端行為和侵犯人權。

EU adopts legal framework for Lebanon sanctions - statement

The European Union said on Friday it had adopted a legal framework for a sanctions regime targeting Lebanese individuals and entities.

By REUTERS

JULY 30, 2021 19:20

European Union flags flutter outside the European Commission headquarters in Brussels, Belgium, March 24, 2021

(photo credit: REUTERS/YVES HERMAN)

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The European Union said on Friday it had adopted a legal framework for a sanctions regime targeting Lebanese individuals and entities after a year of crisis that has left Lebanon facing financial collapse, hyperinflation and food and fuel shortages.

In a statement it said the framework provided for the possibility of imposing sanctions on those responsible for undermining democracy or the rule of law in Lebanon.

Led by France, the EU is seeking to ramp up pressure on Lebanon's squabbling politicians, part of broader international efforts to force a stable government capable of carrying out crucial reforms to emerge from political chaos and economic collapse following a blast that ravaged Beirut port.

"It is, however, of the utmost importance that the Lebanese leadership put aside their differences and work together to form a government and enact the measures required to steer the country towards a sustainable recovery," the EU statement said.

The EU cautioned earlier in July that the sanctions measures would not be immediately implemented.

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The sanctions regime could see individuals hit by travel bans and asset freezes, although it may also decide to not list anybody immediately. Diplomats have said targets are not likely to be decided before the end of the summer.

EU persons and entities are also forbidden from making funds available to those listed, the statement said.

Criteria for EU sanctions would include corruption, obstructing efforts to form a government, financial misdeeds and human rights abuses.

泰德克魯茲阻止推進以色列-阿拉伯正常化的法案

特德克魯茲提到了以色列面臨的達成兩國解決方案的壓力。

作者：RON KAMPEAS/JTA

2021 年 7 月 30 日 04:04

參議員特德克魯茲：幾個世紀以來，抵制和其他對猶太人生計的攻擊一直是反猶太主義的一部分。

（圖片來源：KAMIL KRACZYNSKI/路透社）

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參議員特德克魯茲正在阻止推進一項促進以色列和阿拉伯國家之間正常化的法案，因為它包含將兩國解決方案作為美國對以巴衝突的首選結果的語言。

克魯茲提議修改措辭，該措辭並未刪除對兩國結果的提及，但明確表示這應該是以色列的特權。

“克魯茲參議員認為，美國應該支持我們的盟友，美國外交官不應向我們的盟友發號施令，如何處理他們的主權領土，”德克薩斯州共和黨人克魯茲的發言人周四告訴猶太電報社。“直到最近，國會兩黨達成一致，要求在談判中支持我們的以色列盟友，但這項法案是一個激進的背離，它將改變美國的政策，從支持以色列轉向向以色列施壓。克魯茲參議員反對這種改變。”

保守派新聞媒體《華盛頓自由燈塔》首先報導說，克魯茲正在利用他作為參議員的特權來阻礙該法案的迅速通過。JTA 證實了這一舉動。

否則，該法案得到了兩黨的支持，該法案有一位共和黨人、俄亥俄州的羅伯·波特曼 (Rob Portman) 作為主要提案國。該措施將要求美國政府在去年亞伯拉罕協議取得成功的基礎上再接再厲，該協議使以色列與阿拉伯聯合酋長國、蘇丹、摩洛哥和巴林之間的關係正常化，並由特朗普政府促成。這些協議是特朗普和拜登政府之間罕見的外交政策協議領域之一。

上個月，參議院外交關係委員會將該法案提交給參議院全體成員。在委員會審議之前不久添加兩國語言之前，克魯茲支持該措施。

克魯茲辦公室的一名官員告訴 JTA，如果提案國再次考慮修改措辭的修正案，參議員將解除禁令。委員會中只有另外兩名共和黨參議員與克魯茲一道支持該修正案。

克魯茲官員告訴 JTA，即使修正案再次被否決，克魯茲也會解除對該法案的阻止。

現在的措辭是，美國的政策是“支持通過談判解決以巴衝突，導致兩個國家在和平、安全和相互承認中毗鄰共存”。克魯茲修改後的措辭將是這樣的，美國的政策是“支持以色列政府不斷努力通過談判解決以巴衝突，導致兩個國家在和平、安全和相互承認中毗鄰共存”。

這位官員指出，與美以合作相關的現行法律中的措辭是指支持以色列努力達成兩國解決方案，但並未將兩國結果奉為美國政策。

自由派猶太中東政策組織 J Street 抨擊克魯茲利用他的參議員特權阻止該法案。

“絕大多數美國猶太人和大多數美國選民支持兩國解決方案，”J Street 的政府事務主管黛布拉舒山在本週的一份新聞稿中表示。“對克魯茲參議員來說不幸的是，就像巴勒斯坦領土上的佔領和不公正現狀一樣，這種立場是站不住腳的。國會中的大多數民主黨人和共和黨人都承認，全面的兩國和平協議是確保以色列和巴勒斯坦人民都能享有自由、自決和安全的唯一途徑。”

Ted Cruz blocks bill advancing Israel-Arab normalization

Ted Cruz cited the pressure on Israel to reach a two-state solution.

By RON KAMPEAS/JTA

JULY 30, 2021 04:04

Senator Ted Cruz: Boycotts and other attacks on the livelihood of Jews have been part of antisemitism for centuries.

(photo credit: KAMIL KRACZYNSKI/ REUTERS)

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Senator Ted Cruz is blocking the advance of a bill that would promote normalization between Israel and Arab states because it includes language enshrining a two-state solution as the preferred US outcome to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

Cruz is proposing amended language that does not remove a reference to a two-state outcome, but makes it clear that it should be Israel’s prerogative.

“Senator Cruz believes that America should support our allies and that it’s not the place of American diplomats to dictate to our allies what to do with their sovereign territory,” a spokesman for Cruz, a Texas Republican, told the Jewish Telegraphic Agency on Thursday. “Until recently there was bipartisan agreement in Congress mandating support for our Israeli allies in negotiations, but this bill is a radical departure that would change US policy from supporting Israel to pressuring Israel. Senator Cruz opposes that change.”

Cruz is using his prerogative as a senator to impede swift passage of the bill, the Washington Free Beacon, a conservative news outlet, first reported. JTA confirmed the move.

Otherwise there is bipartisan support for the bill, which has a Republican, Rob Portman of Ohio, as a lead sponsor. The measure would mandate the US government to build on the success of last year’s Abraham Accords, which normalized relations between Israel and the United Arab Emirates, Sudan, Morocco and Bahrain, and which were brokered by the Trump administration. The accords are one of the rare areas of foreign policy agreement between the Trump and Biden administrations.

Last month, the Senate Foreign Relations Committee advanced the bill to the full Senate. Cruz had backed the measure before the two-state language was added shortly before its consideration by the committee.

An official in Cruz’s office told JTA that the senator would lift the block if the sponsors would again consider his amendment to change the language. Only two other Republican senators on the committee joined Cruz in favoring the amendment.

The Cruz official told JTA that Cruz would lift his block on the bill even if the amendment were again rejected.

The language now reads that it is US policy “to support a negotiated solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict resulting in two states living side by side in peace, security, and mutual recognition.” Cruz’s amended language would read that it is US policy “to support the government of Israel in its ongoing efforts to reach a negotiated solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict resulting in two states living side by side in peace, security, and mutual recognition.”

The official pointed to language in existing laws relating to US-Israel cooperation that refers to supporting Israel in its efforts to reach a two-state solution but does not enshrine the two-state outcome as US policy.

J Street, the liberal Jewish Middle East policy group, blasted Cruz for using his senatorial prerogative to block the bill.

“The vast majority of American Jews and most American voters support a two-state solution,” J Street’s director of government affairs, Debra Shushan, said in a release this week. “Unfortunately for Senator Cruz, just like the status quo of occupation and injustice in Palestinian territory, this position is untenable. A majority of Democrats and Republicans in Congress recognize that a comprehensive two-state peace agreement is the only way to ensure that both the Israeli and Palestinian peoples can have freedom, self-determination and safety.”

貝內特呼籲 60 歲以上的以色列人接種第三劑 COVID 疫苗

電視民意調查顯示，超過 70% 的符合條件的人打算接受助推器注射

由艾米斯皮羅 2021 年 7 月 29 日，晚上 9:47更新於晚上 9:55

2021 年 1 月 13 日，一名男子在拉馬特甘 (Ramat Gan) 的一家私人療養院，從紅大衛盾會國家緊急服務志願者那裡接種了他的第二支輝瑞-BioNTech COVID-19 疫苗。（美聯社照片/Oded Balilty）

總理納夫塔利·貝內特 (Naftali Bennett) 週四晚間宣布，正式為 60 歲以上的老年人推出第三劑 COVID 疫苗，並敦促符合條件的以色列人從周日開始安排預約。

“在衛生部專業人員的帶領下，與以色列和世界各地的衛生專家進行了一系列討論後，以 56 票對 1 票的壓倒性多數推薦了醫生專家小組，以保護以色列的老年人口，”貝內特在直播中說週四黃金時段地址。

因此，他說，將從下週開始向 60 歲以上、第二次注射後超過五個月的人提供加強劑量的 COVID 疫苗。

“事實證明，疫苗可以預防嚴重病例和死亡，”貝內特說。“就像你每年都需要接種新的流感疫苗一樣，這裡也是如此”疫苗需要更新。

貝內特呼籲所有符合條件的 60 歲以上的以色列人：“去接種加強疫苗。照顧好自己和所愛的人。”

總理說，60 歲的總統艾薩克·赫爾佐格（Isaac Herzog）將是周五早上第一個接受助推器注射的人。貝內特本人只有 49 歲。

71 歲的時任總理本傑明·內塔尼亞胡 (Benjamin Netanyahu) 是 12 月第一個接種 COVID 疫苗的以色列人，下週他也將接種疫苗。

第 12 頻道周四晚間發布的一項民意調查顯示，72% 的 60 歲以上以色列人打算在可用時接種第三劑 COVID-19 疫苗，9% 表示他們不會接種，其餘的表示他們尚未決定. Kan 公共廣播公司的一項民意調查顯示，75% 的人表示他們將接受第三劑，80% 的人表示他們認為需要更多的 COVID 限制。

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2021 年 1 月 21 日，一名男子在耶路撒冷的疫苗接種中心接種了 COVID-19 疫苗。（Yonatan Sindel/Flash90）

第 12 頻道的民意調查還表明，大多數以色列人不贊成現政府對 COVID 的處理，52% 的人認為這是糟糕的，只有 39% 的人認為這是好的。43% 的受訪者表示內塔尼亞胡比貝內特更好地處理了冠狀病毒危機，而只有 21% 的受訪者表示貝內特比內塔尼亞胡做得更好。

貝內特呼籲公眾確保有資格接受第三劑注射的人進行預約。

“打電話給你的父母，你的祖父母，確保他們盡快接受加強注射，”他說，並指出他在演講後會打的第一個電話是給他 78 歲的母親，“帶她去馬上接種疫苗，因為我想保護她。”

總理說，強調接種疫苗——包括為青少年接種疫苗——旨在避免封鎖、學校停課和其他對日常生活的干擾。他還指出，以色列有 2,000 多名免疫系統受損的人已經接種了第三劑，“沒有出現嚴重的不良事件”。

貝內特發表講話後，衛生部長尼贊霍洛維茨表示，未來幾天將有數十萬種疫苗抵達以色列，以確保充足的庫存。本月早些時候，貝內特表示，他與輝瑞達成協議，將於 8 月 1 日接收新一批疫苗。以色列目前的輝瑞疫苗庫存將於 7 月 31 日到期。

Bennett calls on Israelis over 60 to get third COVID vaccine dose

TV polls indicate that more than 70 percent of those eligible intend to receive the booster shot

By AMY SPIRO 29 July 2021, 9:47 pmUpdated at 9:55 pm

A man receives his second Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine from a Magen David Adom national emergency service volunteer, at a private nursing home in Ramat Gan, on January 13, 2021. (AP Photo/Oded Balilty)

Prime Minister Naftali Bennett announced on Thursday evening the official rollout of a third COVID vaccine dose for those over 60, and urged eligible Israelis to schedule appointments starting on Sunday.

“After a series of discussions with health experts in Israel and around the world, led by Health Ministry professionals, the expert panel of doctors recommended by an overwhelming majority — 56-1 — to protect the older population in Israel,” said Bennett in live primetime address on Thursday.

Therefore, he said, booster doses of the COVID vaccine will be given starting next week to those over age 60 who are more than five months after their second shot.

“The reality has proven that the vaccines protect against serious cases and against death,” said Bennett. “And just like you need to get a new flu shot every year, here too” the vaccine requires a refresh.

Bennett called on all eligible Israelis over 60: “Go and get the booster vaccine. Take care of yourselves and your loved ones.”

The prime minister said that President Isaac Herzog — who is 60 — will be the first to get the booster shot on Friday morning. Bennett himself is only 49.

Then-prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu, 71, was the first Israeli to receive the COVID vaccine in December, and he too will receive a booster next week.

A poll by Channel 12 published on Thursday evening shows that 72 percent of Israelis over age 60 intend to receive a third COVID-19 vaccine dose when it becomes available, 9% say they won’t get it, and the rest say they are undecided. A poll by the Kan public broadcaster showed 75% said they would receive a third dose, and 80% said they think more COVID restrictions are needed.

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A man receives a COVID-19 vaccine shot at a vaccination center in Jerusalem, on January 21, 2021. (Yonatan Sindel/Flash90)

The Channel 12 poll also indicated that a majority of Israelis disapprove of the current government’s handling of COVID, with 52% saying it is bad and only 39% saying it’s good. And 43% of respondents said that Netanyahu handled the coronavirus crisis better than Bennett, while only 21% said Bennett was doing a better job than Netanyahu did.

Bennett called on the public to ensure that those eligible for the third dose make appointments.

“Call your parents, your grandparents, make sure they get the booster shot as soon as possible,” he said, noting that the first call he will make following his speech is to his mother, who is 78, “to take her to get the vaccine immediately, because I want to protect her.”

The prime minister said the emphasis on vaccinations — including for teenagers — is designed to avoid lockdowns, school closures and other intrusions into daily life. He also noted that more than 2,000 people in Israel with compromised immune systems have already received a third dose, “with no severe adverse events.”

Following Bennett’s speech, Health Minister Nitzan Horowitz said that hundreds of thousands of vaccines will arrive in Israel in the coming days in order to ensure a sufficient stockpile. Earlier this month, Bennett said he reached a deal with Pfizer to receive a new shipment of vaccines on August 1. Israel’s current stockpile of Pfizer vaccines expires on July 31.

“速度與激情”：以色列尋求在 8 天內向 150 萬老年人接種第三劑

Bennett 告訴 HMO 高管，政府資源可供他們使用，與美國的 Fauci 討論疫苗的推出；衛生官員權衡所有入境者的隔離

通過TOI人員今天，晚上 10:13

總理納夫塔利·貝內特 (Naftali Bennett) 在 Tel Hashomer 的 Sheba 醫療中心發表講話，開始了第三劑冠狀病毒疫苗加強劑的運動。（海姆扎克/ GPO）

總理納夫塔利·貝內特 (Naftali Bennett) 週五通知醫療保健主管，政府的目標是在未來八天內向 150 萬 60 歲以上的以色列人分發第三劑冠狀病毒疫苗。

據 Ynet 報導，在以色列正式向年長的以色列人提供第三劑疫苗的當天，貝內特在與健康維護組織負責人的一次會議上表示，政府將通過國土前線司令部和國家資金為 HMO 提供額外的人力。

Meuhedet HMO 的首席執行官 Sigal Rosenberg 對新聞網站說：“這不是一個長期的手術，它將是快速而激烈的”，並解釋說疫苗運動的另一個目標是在未來幾週內減輕醫院的壓力並防止它們發生免於被老年冠狀病毒患者淹沒。

她說：“我們將開設專門的疫苗接種分發中心，主動邀請相關人群，同時根據需要擴大人手。”

同樣在周五，貝內特在推特上說，他與美國國家過敏和傳染病研究所所長兼喬拜登總統的首席醫療顧問安東尼福奇討論了世界領先的疫苗推出問題。

“與福奇博士就應對 Delta [variant] 大流行進行了很好的討論。我們將分享有關助推器射擊和行動方針的數據和方法。面對新冠病毒的唯一方法就是攜手合作！” 貝內特在推特上寫道。

Isaac Herzog 總統於 2021 年 7 月 30 日在 Sheba 醫療中心接受了他的第三劑 COVID-19 疫苗注射。（Haim Zach/GPO）

貝內特週五聯繫了最高法院首席大法官埃絲特·海尤特和以色列議會議長米基·利維，要求他們也接種疫苗，以作為公眾的榜樣。

第一批接受第三劑疫苗的以色列人包括 60 歲的總統艾薩克·赫爾佐格、他的妻子米哈爾、71 歲的反對派主席本傑明·內塔尼亞胡和他 60 歲的妻子薩拉。

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Bennett 本人只有 49 歲，因此目前沒有資格接種第三劑。

以色列決定開始給予第三劑疫苗之際，正值努力遏制最近一波冠狀病毒感染的浪潮，該浪潮的病例數激增，從一個月前的每天幾十例增加到本周平均每天超過 2,000 例。

週五也接受了第三劑注射的是衛生部總幹事納赫曼·阿什，他告訴第 12 頻道，他在接種後感覺“很棒”。

支持在美國食品和藥物協會批准之前繼續分發第三劑的決定，阿什說：“再等幾個月是不可能的。

他說：“我們已經有足夠的疫苗，預計未來幾週將有更多疫苗接種，以有效實施第三劑疫苗接種計劃。”

總理納夫塔利·貝內特 (Naftali Bennett) 在 Tel Hashomer 的 Sheba 醫療中心發表講話，開始了第三劑冠狀病毒疫苗加強劑的運動。右邊是艾薩克·赫爾佐格總統（Haim Zach / GPO）

Ash 表示，近期內不會實施額外的 COVID-19 限制。

廣告

他說，就目前而言，“疫苗是我們擺脫大流行的解決方案，因此讓每個可以去的人都接種疫苗很重要。”

他敦促政府部長協助敦促老年人接種第三劑疫苗。

Ash 還向觀眾保證該疫苗對兒童是安全的，並敦促 12 歲以上的人接種。

“我們不強迫人們接種疫苗，但重要的是讓疫苗能夠獲得，以便那些能夠接種的人，”阿什說，暗示他支持將學校用作配送中心，這是教育部長 Yifat Shasha-Biton已經出來堅決反對。

另外，週四，塞浦路斯、英國、土耳其和格魯吉亞等國被添加到政府的禁飛名單中，違反規定者將被罰款 5,000 新謝克爾（1,500 美元）。

2021 年 7 月 30 日，在以色列拉馬特哈沙龍市，一名以色列男子在接受第三種輝瑞-BioNTech COVID-19 疫苗後出現。（美聯社 / Sebastian Scheiner）

衛生官員建議將希臘、保加利亞、法國、意大利和阿拉伯聯合酋長國等國家也列入名單。

第 12 頻道報導說，衛生官員開始建議要求所有來自國外的入境者進行隔離，而不是僅對那些從 COVID-19 發病率高的國家/地區的彙編名單返回的人進行隔離。

衛生官員爭辯說，每週更新所謂的紅色州名單是沒有意義的，這會讓公眾感到困惑，因為統一規則會更簡單。

該網絡稱，根據衛生官員目前正在權衡的新提案，即使是那些接種疫苗或從病毒中康復的人，從國外返回後也必須隔離整整一周。

廣告

在不久的將來，衛生部將建議所有從病毒數量較低的所謂綠色國家返回的以色列人都必須隔離 24 小時。

反對黨領袖本傑明·內塔尼亞胡於 2021 年 7 月 30 日在謝巴醫療中心接受了第三劑輝瑞-BioNTech 冠狀病毒疫苗。（Emmanuel Dunand/法新社）

預計政府的冠狀病毒內閣將在下次會議上就此事做出決定。

衛生部周五的數據顯示，前一天診斷出 2,140 例新的 COVID-19 病例，這是該數字連續第四天超過 2,000 例，這是自 3 月以來的每日病例數。

重症患者167人，較午夜時增加25人。

在周六進行的超過 91,202 項測試中，2.37% 的檢測結果呈陽性——這一比率與最近幾天的情況相似。

衛生部數據顯示，該國共有 16,162 例活躍病毒病例。兩個月前，這個數字約為 200。

據該部稱，死亡人數為 6,466 人，週四新增死亡人數為 2 人。

‘Fast and furious’: Israel seeks to give 3rd dose to 1.5m seniors in 8 days

Bennett tells HMO executives government resources are at their disposal, discusses vaccine rollout with America’s Fauci; health officials weigh quarantine for all arrivals

By TOI STAFFToday, 10:13 pm

Prime Minister Naftali Bennett speaks at Sheba Medical Center at Tel Hashomer, starting the campaign for the third dose booster of the Coronavirus vaccine. (Haim Zach / GPO)

Prime Minister Naftali Bennett notified healthcare executives on Friday that the government’s goal is to distribute the third dose of the coronavirus vaccine to 1.5 million Israelis above the age of 60 in the next eight days.

In a meeting with the heads of health maintenance organizations on the day that Israel officially made the third dose available to older Israelis, Bennett said the government will provide HMOs with additional manpower via the Home Front Command as well as state funding, Ynet reported.

“This is not a long operation, it will be fast and furious,” the Meuhedet HMO’s chief executive officer Sigal Rosenberg told the news site, explaining that another goal of the vaccine drive is to relieve hospitals of pressure in the coming weeks and prevent them from being overrun with elderly coronavirus patients.

“We will open dedicated vaccination distribution complexes, proactively inviting the relevant populations while expanding the manpower as needed,” she said.

Also on Friday, Bennett tweeted that he’d discussed the world-trailblazing vaccine rollout with Anthony Fauci, the director of the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and the chief medical adviser to President Joe Biden.

“Had great discussion with Dr Fauci about dealing with the Delta [variant] pandemic. We’ll be sharing data and methods on booster shot and course of action. The only way to face COVID is by working together!” Bennett wrote on Twitter.

President Isaac Herzog receives his third COVID-19 vaccine shot at Sheba Medical Center, July 30, 2021. (Haim Zach/GPO)

Bennett reached out to Supreme Court Chief Justice Esther Hayut and Knesset Speaker Mickey Levy on Friday, asking them to get vaccinated as well to serve as an example for the public.

Among the first Israelis to receive a third dose were President Isaac Herzog, 60, his wife Michal, opposition chairman Benjamin Netanyahu, 71 and his wife Sara, 60.

Bennett himself is only 49 years old and thus not eligible to receive a third dose at this time.

Israel’s decision to begin administering third doses comes amid a struggle to contain a recent wave of coronavirus infections that has seen case numbers rocket, from just dozens a day a month ago to an average daily caseload of over 2,000 this week.

Also receiving his third dose Friday was Health Ministry Director-General Nachman Ash, who told Channel 12 that he felt “great” post-inoculation.

Backing the decision to move ahead with distribution of the third dose before the US Food and Drug Association granted its approval, Ash said “it would have been impossible to wait a few more months.

“We already have enough vaccines and the arrival of more doses is expected in the coming weeks in order to effectively implement this third dose vaccination drive,” he said.

Prime Minister Naftali Bennett speaks at Sheba Medical Center at Tel Hashomer, starting the campaign for the third dose booster of the Coronavirus vaccine. At right is President Isaac Herzog (Haim Zach / GPO)

Ash said that no additional COVID-19 restrictions were slated to be implemented in the immediate future.

For now, he said, “the vaccine is our solution to make it out of the pandemic, so it is important that everyone who can goes and gets vaccinated.”

He urged government ministers to assist in the effort of urging the older public to go and receive the third dose.

Ash also assured viewers that the vaccine was safe for children and urged those above the age of 12 to get inoculated.

“We do not force people to get vaccinated, but it is important to make the vaccines accessible so that those who are able to,” Ash said, hinting at his support for using schools as distribution centers, something that Education Minister Yifat Shasha-Biton has come out adamantly against.

Separately on Thursday, the countries of Cyprus, the United Kingdom, Turkey and Georgia were added to the government’s no-fly list and those caught violating the rule will be fined NIS 5,000 ($1,500).

An Israeli man is seen after receiving a third Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine in the Israeli city of Ramat HaSharon, July 30, 2021. (AP/Sebastian Scheiner)

Health officials have recommended that the countries of Greece, Bulgaria, France, Italy and the United Arab Emirates be added to the list as well.

Channel 12 reported that health officials are beginning to recommend that all arrivals from abroad be required to quarantine, as opposed to only those who return from a compiled list of countries where COVID-19 rates are high.

The health officials argue that there is no point in updating the list of so-called red states every week, thereby confusing the public, when a uniform rule would be simpler.

Under the new proposal currently being weighed by health officials, even those vaccinated or recovered from the virus would have to isolate for a full week upon returning from abroad, the network said.

In the more immediate future, the Health Ministry is slated to recommend that all Israelis returning from so-called green countries where virus numbers are low be required to isolate for 24 hours.

Opposition Leader Benjamin Netanyahu receives a third dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech coronavirus vaccine at Sheba Medical Center on July 30, 2021. (Emmanuel Dunand/AFP)

The government’s coronavirus cabinet is expected to decide on the matter in its next meeting.

Health Ministry figures on Friday showed 2,140 new COVID-19 cases diagnosed the day before, the fourth day in a row that the number was above 2,000, a daily caseload not seen since March.

There were 167 patients in serious condition, an increase of 25 since midnight.

Of the over 91,202 tests performed Saturday, 2.37 percent came back positive — a rate similar to that seen in recent days.

There were 16,162 active virus cases in the country, Health Ministry data showed. Two months ago that figure was at around 200.

The death toll stood at 6,466, with two new fatalities recorded Thursday, according to the ministry.

以色列開始向老年人提供第三劑 COVID 疫苗，總統帶路

艾薩克·赫爾佐格 (Isaac Herzog) 和他的妻子接受了加強注射；前總理內塔尼亞胡說以色列浪費了一個月“但遲到總比不到好”

通過TOI人員今天，上午 10:56更新於下午 1:29

Isaac Herzog 總統和他的妻子 Michal 於 2021 年 7 月 30 日在 Sheba 醫療中心接受了第三次 COVID-19 疫苗注射。（Haim Zach/GPO）

健康維護組織週五開始向老年人注射第三種 COVID-19 疫苗，使以色列成為世界上第一個這樣做的國家。

Clalit 和 Meuhedet HMO 於週五早上開始為 60 歲以上的人接種第三劑疫苗，而 Maccabi 醫療保健提供者將於週日開始這樣做。

以色列決定開始接種第三劑是在努力控制最近一波冠狀病毒感染的情況下發生的，該浪潮的病例數從一個月前的一天僅幾十例激增至本周平均每天超過 2,000 例。

第三劑不太可能阻止病例的增加，但有望降低老年人群患嚴重 COVID-19 疾病的風險。

美國食品和藥物管理局尚未批准第三劑。

60 歲的總統艾薩克·赫爾佐格 (Isaac Herzog) 和他的妻子米哈爾 (Michal) 是周五第一批接受第三槍的人之一。

Isaac Herzog 總統於 2021 年 7 月 30 日在 Sheba 醫療中心接受了他的第三劑 COVID-19 疫苗注射。（Haim Zach/GPO）

在接受注射之前，赫爾佐格稱讚加強注射是“以色列國社會團結的重要一步”，理由是需要防止老年人生病。

他補充說：“我很自豪我們是第一個接種第三劑疫苗的國家。”

我們在這裡所做的一步對以色列國的社會團結來說是重要的一步，”赫爾佐格在開槍前在講話中說，並指出需要防止老年人生病。

總理納夫塔利·貝內特 (Naftali Bennett) 在 Tel Hashomer 的 Sheba 醫療中心發表講話，開始了第三劑冠狀病毒疫苗加強劑的運動。右邊是艾薩克·赫爾佐格總統（Haim Zach / GPO）

與赫爾佐格一起出現的總理納夫塔利·貝內特說：“以色列是為老年人提供第三劑疫苗的先驅。”

“抗擊新冠病毒大流行是一場全球性的鬥爭。我們打敗 COVID 的唯一方法是團結在一起。在一起意味著共享信息、方法、技術和可操作的步驟，”他說。“以色列願意分享我們從這一大膽舉措中獲得的所有信息。”

2021 年 7 月 30 日，在以色列拉馬特哈沙龍市，一名以色列男子在接受第三種輝瑞-BioNTech COVID-19 疫苗後出現。（美聯社 / Sebastian Scheiner）

總理辦公室後來表示，貝內特要求 70 歲的以色列議會議長米基·利維和 67 歲的最高法院首席大法官埃斯特·哈尤特也接受助推器注射。

貝內特辦公室的一份聲明說：“兩人同意了總理的要求，並表示他們將盡快這樣做，因為他們了解向公眾傳達信息的重要性。”

貝內特週四表示，他也會帶著他的母親接種第三劑，並鼓勵其他人對年長的家人也這樣做。

廣告

“現在給你的父母和祖父母打電話，確保他們接種補充疫苗，第三種疫苗，”貝內特說，他在這個階段太年輕，無法接種第三劑。

反對黨領袖本傑明·內塔尼亞胡（Benjamin Netanyahu）最近幾週一直敦促以色列新政府開始接種第三劑疫苗，他於週五接種了第三劑疫苗。

“他們不必要地浪費了一個月……但遲到總比不到好，”內塔尼亞胡說。

根據周三的一份報告，71 歲的內塔尼亞胡在發現自己的冠狀病毒抗體水平顯著下降後，一直在推動第三劑。在擔任總理期間，他是以色列第一個接種疫苗的人。

反對黨領袖本傑明·內塔尼亞胡於 2021 年 7 月 30 日在謝巴醫療中心接受了第三劑輝瑞-BioNTech 冠狀病毒疫苗。（Emmanuel Dunand/法新社）

與此同時，隨著許多國家的感染率上升，以色列議會憲法、法律和司法委員會周四批准將英國、土耳其、格魯吉亞和塞浦路斯加入據信旅行者感染 COVID-19 的風險最高的國家名單。 19.

截至週五，這些國家將加入禁止以色列人旅行的目的地名單，除非特殊情況由特別委員會確定。

前往這些目的地的以色列人將被處以 5,000 新謝克爾（1,500 美元）的罰款，並在返回時被要求完全隔離。

衛生部公共衛生部門負責人沙龍·阿爾羅伊-普雷斯 (Sharon Alroy-Preis) 週四表示，比利時、希臘和阿拉伯聯合酋長國將於下週加入被禁國家名單。

週三，數十名反疫苗者在她家外舉行抗議活動，一些參與者聽到稱她為“魔鬼的女兒”和“納粹兇手”之後，Alroy-Preis 發表了上述評論。抗議發生之前，一位匿名消息人士向媒體對她說壞話，因為他們聲稱她支持在以色列加強兒童接種疫苗的極端立場。

廣告

衛生部公共衛生服務負責人 Sharon Alroy-Preis 博士於 2021 年 6 月 23 日在耶路撒冷舉行的新聞發布會上發表講話。 (Yonatan Sindel/Flash90)

教育部長 Yifat Shasha-Biton 週四激起爭議，稱在學校為兒童接種 COVID-19 疫苗是“犯罪”。

目前，在父母許可的情況下，兒童在整個學年都會接種多種疫苗。Shasha-Biton 試圖解釋為什麼她不會對 COVID-19 疫苗做同樣的事情，她說如果父母反對接種疫苗，孩子們可能會面臨欺凌。

“我們談論的是在家呆了一年半並且處於情緒困擾中的孩子。這是一個非常敏感的話題，”她說。

然而，25 個地方議會宣布他們準備為學童接種疫苗。

“我們將盡一切努力，在得到孩子和家長同意的情況下，照顧好孩子們的健康，努力提高青少年的疫苗接種率，降低感染率，”全國市長主席海姆·比巴斯（Haim Bibas）說。工會告訴菅直人公共廣播公司。

莫迪因市長兼全國市長工會主席海姆·比巴斯於 2020 年 2 月 19 日在特拉維夫的一次會議上發表講話。 (Miriam Alster/Flash90)

根據衛生部的數據，只有 26% 有資格接種疫苗的 12 歲兒童接種了疫苗。據該部稱，在 13-15 歲的人群中，這一比例略高，為 36%，在 16-19 歲的人群中，這一比例躍升至 75%。

菅直人報告說，疫苗接種站將設置在學校入口處，甚至可能設置在學校內部。

衛生部周五的數據顯示，前一天確診了 2,140 例新的 COVID-19 病例，這是該數字連續第四天超過 2,000 例，這是自 3 月以來的每日病例數。

重症患者167人，較午夜時增加25人。

在周六進行的超過 91,202 次檢測中，2.37% 的檢測結果呈陽性——這一比例與最近幾天相似。

衛生部數據顯示，該國有 16,162 例活躍病毒病例。兩個月前，這個數字大約是 200。

據該部稱，死亡人數為 6,466 人，週四新增死亡人數為 2 人。

吸收部長不會在沒有埃塞俄比亞移民資金的情況下支持預算

Pnina Tamano-Shata 說，財政部只願意資助大約 1,000 名社區成員的移民，而她要求為 4,000

通過TOI人員今天，凌晨 1:45

作為以色列 Tzur 行動的一部分，埃塞俄比亞移民抵達以色列，2021 年 3 月 11 日。（Olivier Fitoussi/Flash90）

移民和吸收部長 Pnina Tamano-Shata 週四警告說，除非財政部同意她增加資金以將埃塞俄比亞移民帶到以色列的要求，否則她不會支持即將到來的國家預算。

玉野沙塔在推特上寫道：“我永遠不會允許他們繼續虐待埃塞俄比亞社區，並將他們置於政府優先事項清單的底部。” “那些等了幾十年才從埃塞俄比亞製作aliyah 的人及其在以色列的家人已經受夠了。”

“我將反對任何不支持大量移民的預算——即使我必須從政府辭職並返回以色列議會投票反對放棄他們，”她警告說。

Tamano-Shata 是最新一位威脅要破壞預算的部長，預算必須在 11 月通過，否則政府就會自動解散。由於聯盟以微弱的多數運作，如果他們的要求得不到滿足，幾乎每個立法者都有能力讓政府下台。

財政部長阿維格多·利伯曼（Avigdor Liberman）本月早些時候表示，他將在 8 月的第一周提交 2021-2022 年國家預算供內閣投票，目的是讓議會在 11 月的最後期限前通過該預算。

利伯曼說，他相信預算會通過，因為即使是大多數反對派也不希望進行新一輪選舉。在政治僵局中，以色列在兩年內舉行了四次選舉。上一次通過的 2019 年預算於 2018 年 3 月投票通過。

藍白議會議員 Pnina Tamano-Shata（C）在討論解散議會的法案時發表講話，2019 年 12 月 11 日在以色列議會（Yonatan Sindel/Flash90）

Tamano-Shata 告訴 Ynet 新聞網站，財政部只提供資金將大約 1,000 人帶到以色列，而她要求提供 4,000 人的資金。“我們不是在談論人口交易，而是在拯救他們，她告訴 Ynet。

3 月，以色列完成了一項將約2,000名社區成員從埃塞俄比亞帶到以色列的努力，該行動於 12 月開始，被稱為以色列 Tzur 行動。

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Tamano-Shata 在摩西行動（1984 年的一次空運，將 6,000 名埃塞俄比亞猶太人從蘇丹帶到該國）中作為一個年輕女孩抵達以色列，她說他們的困境是她的藍白黨的優先事項和財政部的拒絕為其提供資金違反了聯盟協議。

社區成員和活動人士舉行了幾次抗議活動，敦促政府批准社區其他人的移民，據估計，該社區其他人的人數在 7,000 至 12,000 人之間，其中許多人因最近在提格雷北部地區爆發的戰爭而受到威脅。

在這張來自猶太機構的照片中，移民部長 Pnina Tamano-Shata（左）和猶太機構主席 Isaac Herzog（中）於 2020 年 5 月 21 日在本古里安機場迎接來自埃塞俄比亞的 119 名新移民。（Shlomi Amsalem）

當地活動人士說，大約 9,000 名准移民已經等待了 15 年或更長時間才能移民。他們說，其中大約四分之一位於首都亞的斯亞貝巴，已經等待了 20 多年，而其餘的，在埃塞俄比亞第二大城市貢德爾，已經等待了 15 到 20 年。

2013 年，猶太機構宣布埃塞俄比亞 aliyah 結束，引發了埃塞俄比亞立法者和以色列社區成員的抗議。

2015 年 11 月，政府通過了一項決定，將在 5 年內將在亞的斯亞貝巴和貢德爾等待的“社區的最後成員”空運到以色列。

然而，根據猶太機構的數據，自那項決定以來，已經有幾千名埃塞俄比亞人被帶到了點點滴滴。

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雖然來自 Beta Israel 社區的埃塞俄比亞猶太移民被認為是完全猶太人，但屬於較小的 Falash Mura 社區的埃塞俄比亞移民在移民後必須接受東正教轉換。法拉什穆拉人是埃塞俄比亞猶太人，他們的祖先在幾代以前常常在脅迫下皈依基督教。據總理辦公室稱，自 1997 年以來，其中約有 30,000 人移民到以色列。

由於內政部不認為法拉什穆拉是猶太人，根據回歸法他們不能移民，因此必須獲得政府的特別許可才能移居以色列。

Absorption minister won’t back budget without funding for Ethiopia immigration

Pnina Tamano-Shata says Treasury only willing to finance immigration of some 1,000 community members, whereas she is demanding money for 4,000

By TOI STAFFToday, 1:45 am

Ethiopian Immigrants arrive in Israel as part of Operation Tzur Israel, March 11, 2021. (Olivier Fitoussi/Flash90)

Immigration and Absorption Minister Pnina Tamano-Shata warned on Thursday that she would not support the upcoming state budget unless the Finance Ministry agrees to her demand for increased funding to bring Ethiopian immigrants to Israel.

“I will never allow them to continue to abuse the Ethiopian community and abandon them at the bottom of the government’s list of priorities,” Tamano-Shata wrote on Twitter. “Those waiting dozens of years to make aliyah from Ethiopia and their families in Israel have suffered enough.”

“I will oppose any budget that does not support significant immigration — even if I have to resign from the government and return to the Knesset to vote against their abandonment,” she warned.

Tamano-Shata is the latest minister to threaten to torpedo the budget, which must pass by November or spell the automatic dissolution of the government. With the coalition operating on a razor-thin majority, almost every lawmaker has the ability to bring the government down if their demands are not met.

Finance Minister Avigdor Liberman said earlier this month that he will present the 2021-2022 state budget for a cabinet vote during the first week of August, with the aim of having the Knesset pass it by the November deadline.

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Liberman said he believes the budget will pass because even most of the opposition does not want a fresh round of elections. Israel held four elections within two years amid political gridlock. The last budget that was passed, for 2019, was voted upon in March 2018.

Blue and White parliament member Pnina Tamano-Shata (C) speaks during a discussion on a bill to dissolve the parliament, at the Knesset December 11, 2019 (Yonatan Sindel/Flash90)

Tamano-Shata told the Ynet news site that the treasury was only offering funding to bring some 1,000 people to Israel whereas she was demanding money for 4,000. “We are not talking about trading in people, it’s saving them, she told Ynet.

In March, Israel completed an effort to bring some 2,000 members of the community to Israel from Ethiopia in what has been dubbed Operation Tzur Israel which began in December.

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Tamano-Shata, who arrived in Israel as a young girl in Operation Moses airlift, a 1984 airlift that brought 6,000 Ethiopian Jews to the country from Sudan, said their plight was a priority for her Blue and White party and the refusal of the finance ministry to fund it was a violation of the coalition agreement.

Community members and activists have held several protests urging the government to approve the immigration of the rest of the community, thought to number between 7,000 and 12,000, many of whom are endangered by the recent outbreak of war in the northern Tigray region.

In this photo from the Jewish Agency, Immigration Minister Pnina Tamano-Shata (left) and Jewish Agency Chairman Isaac Herzog (center) greet 119 new immigrants from Ethiopia at Ben Gurion Airport, May 21, 2020. (Shlomi Amsalem)

About 9,000 of the would-be immigrants have been waiting for 15 or more years to immigrate, local activists say. About a quarter of that number, located in the capital Addis Ababa, have been waiting for more than 20 years, they say, while the rest, in Ethiopia’s second city Gondar, have been hanging on for 15 to 20 years.

In 2013, the Jewish Agency declared the end of Ethiopian aliyah, prompting protests by Ethiopian lawmakers and community members in Israel.

In November 2015, the government passed a decision to airlift “the last of the community” waiting in Addis Ababa and Gondar to Israel within five years.

Since that decision, however, a few thousand Ethiopians have been brought, in dribs and drabs, according to Jewish Agency figures.

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While Ethiopian Jewish immigrants from the Beta Israel community are recognized as fully Jewish, immigrants from Ethiopia belonging to the smaller Falash Mura community are required to undergo Orthodox conversion after immigrating. The Falash Mura are Ethiopian Jews whose ancestors converted to Christianity, often under duress, generations ago. Some 30,000 of them have immigrated to Israel since 1997, according to the Prime Minister’s Office.

Because the Interior Ministry does not consider the Falash Mura to be Jewish, they cannot immigrate under the Law of Return, and therefore must get special permission from the government to move to Israel.

以色列哈佛教授開始尋找“地外文明”

Avi Loeb 的伽利略計劃將尋找由現存或滅絕的超凡脫俗文化製成的物品；理論物理學家在理論問題上與科學機構發生衝突

由盧克·特雷斯 今天，凌晨 4:07

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一位藝術家對星際小行星 Oumuamua 的印象。科學家 Avi Loeb 認為它可能是外星人工製品。（禮貌/歐洲南方天文台，M. Kornmesser）

哈佛大學一位著名但有爭議的以色列科學家發起了一個項目，該項目將採用一種全新的方法來尋找外星人，希望能找到他們的技術或文明的一些跡象。

Avi Loeb 的伽利略計劃將系統地搜索“外星技術文明”產生的物理人工製品。以前的項目，例如 SETI 研究所，在宇宙中搜尋電磁信號，而不是物體。

“鑑於地球-太陽系統最近發現的豐富，伽利略計劃是專門為命題，人類不能再忽視外星文明科技的可能存在，”該集團表示。

週一，理論物理學家勒布宣布了伽利略計劃。勒布是哈佛大學天文系任職時間最長的系主任，他在 2011 年至 2020 年擔任該職位，目前是該大學的終身科學教授。

他在斷言 2017 年觀察到的一個來自太陽系外的異常物體從太陽滾過太陽後可能是外星人工製品，從而引起了公眾的關注。

夏威夷的天文學家只瞥見了這個被他們稱為Oumuamua 的天體，在夏威夷語中意為“偵察兵”，因為它遠離太陽，不規則地移動。這個形狀奇特的天體是我們太陽系中第一個已知的星際物體。它看起來很小，長度不到 1 公里，呈深紅色，形狀像雪茄或煎餅。

以色列哈佛科學家 Avi Loeb。（截圖/YouTube）

Loeb 認為 Oumuamua 可能是一種外星人工製品，例如由太陽射線驅動的光帆或通訊盤。大多數天文學家認為它的起源是自然的，但對它是什麼或它來自哪裡有不同的看法。

他在大眾媒體、科學文獻和一本名為“外星人”的書中公佈了這一理論。勒布以他直言不諱的觀點和方法與許多科學界疏遠了自己，並與他的一些同行發生了衝突。

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伽利略計劃說：“科學不應該因為社會污名或文化偏好而教條式地拒絕可能的外星解釋，這些因素不利於公正、實證研究的科學方法。”

該計劃的啟動也是在上個月發布的一份備受期待的美國政府報告​​之前發布的，該報告涉及美國海軍人員看到和記錄的不明飛行現象 (UAP)。國防部調查人員表示，他們沒有發現這種現像是外星現象的證據，但並未否認存在聯繫，也無法解釋一些目擊事件。

來自國防部提供的標有 Gimbal 的視頻圖像，從 2015 年開始，一個無法解釋的物體出現在中心，因為它沿著雲層高高聳立，逆風而行。（國防部通過 AP）

“關於 UAP 和 Oumuamua 的現有數據足夠反常，可以激發關於 UAP 或 Oumuamua 類物體的額外數據的收集，並測試這些物體是否可能是由一個或多個假定的、現有的或滅絕的外星科技文明，”伽利略計劃在其網站上說。

勒布與總部位於馬薩諸塞州的布魯克公司（一家科學設備製造商）的負責人弗蘭克·勞基恩 (Frank Laukien) 共同創立了該項目。科學顧問委員會包括以色列魏茨曼科學研究所的研究員 Sagi Ben Ami，研究團隊包括來自哈佛大學、普林斯頓大學、劍橋大學和 UNC Chapel Hill 大學的成員。

伽利略計劃旨在通過對尖端儀器收集的數據進行科學分析，識別出不明飛行現象和“類奧陌陌星際物體”。該組織表示，數據和分析過程將透明並向公眾開放。

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研究人員將尋求三個主要途徑來實現他們的目標：他們尋求使用望遠鏡和其他檢測設備網絡捕獲不明空中現象的高分辨率圖像；通過現有和未來的天文調查尋找星際物體；並尋找可能正在觀察我們星球的小型外星衛星。

該項目表示，即使沒有發現外星人存在的證據，也會產生關於新型星際物體的有用數據。

勒佈在週一的新聞發布會上說，它已收到總額為 175.5 萬美元的捐款。

該項目以意大利天文學家伽利略·伽利萊（Galileo Galilei）的名字命名，伽利略是使用望遠鏡研究太空的先驅，他在 17 世紀因聲稱地球圍繞太陽旋轉而受到教會官員的懲罰。該倡議的標語是“敢於通過新望遠鏡觀察”。

Loeb 來自以色列中部 Beit Hanan 的 moshav，曾在以色列國防軍著名的 Talpiot 計劃中服役，並獲得了耶路撒冷希伯來大學的第一個學位。

Israeli Harvard professor launches search for ‘extraterrestrial civilizations’

Avi Loeb’s Galileo Project will seek out objects made by existing or extinct otherworldly cultures; theoretical physicist has clashed with scientific establishment over theories

By LUKE TRESS Today, 4:07 am

An artist’s impression of the interstellar asteroid Oumuamua. Scientist Avi Loeb believes it could have been an extraterrestrial artifact. (Courtesy/European Southern Observatory, M. Kornmesser)

A prominent, but controversial, Israeli scientist at Harvard University has launched a project that will take a fresh approach to the search for extraterrestrials, hoping to find some signs of their technology or civilizations.

Avi Loeb’s Galileo Project will systematically search for physical artifacts produced by “extraterrestrial technological civilizations.” Previous programs, such as the SETI Institute, scoured the cosmos in search of electromagnetic signals, not objects.

“Given the recently discovered abundance of Earth-Sun systems, the Galileo Project is dedicated to the proposition that humans can no longer ignore the possible existence of extraterrestrial technological civilizations,” the group said.

Loeb, a theoretical physicist, announced the Galileo Project on Monday. Loeb was the longest-serving chair of Harvard’s Department of Astronomy, a position he held from 2011-2020, and is currently a tenured science professor at the university.

He came to public prominence after asserting that an anomalous object from outside the solar system observed tumbling past the sun in 2017 could have been an extraterrestrial artifact.

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Astronomers in Hawaii only glimpsed the object they called Oumuamua, meaning “scout” in Hawaiian, as it streaked away from the sun, moving irregularly. The strangely shaped body was the first known interstellar object seen in our solar system. It appeared to be small, under 1 kilometer in length, dark red and shaped like either a cigar or a pancake.

Israeli Harvard scientist Avi Loeb. (Screenshot/YouTube)

Loeb argued Oumuamua could have been an extraterrestrial artifact, such as a light-sail powered by solar rays, or a communication dish. Most astronomers believe it was natural in origin, but differ in opinion on what it was, or where it came from.

He promulgated the theory in mass media, scientific literature and in a book called “Extraterrestrial.” Loeb has alienated himself from much of the scientific community with his outspoken views and approach and clashed with some of his peers.

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“Science should not dogmatically reject potential extraterrestrial explanations because of social stigma or cultural preferences, factors which are not conducive to the scientific method of unbiased, empirical inquiry,” the Galileo Project said.

The initiative’s launch also follows a long-anticipated US government report issued last month on unidentified aerial phenomena (UAP) that were seen and recorded by US navy personnel. The Department of Defense investigators said they found no evidence the phenomena were extraterrestrial, but did not deny a link and could not explain some of the sightings.

The image from video provided by the Department of Defense labelled Gimbal, from 2015, an unexplained object is seen at center as it is tracked as it soars high along the clouds, traveling against the wind. (Department of Defense via AP)

“The existing data on UAP and Oumuamua are sufficiently anomalous to motivate the collection of additional data on UAP or Oumuamua-like objects and to test whether such objects may be astro-archeological artifacts or active technological equipment produced by one or more putative, existing or extinct extraterrestrial technological civilizations,” the Galileo Project said on its website.

Loeb founded the project with Frank Laukien, head of the Massachusetts-based Bruker Corporation, a manufacturer of scientific equipment. The scientific advisory board includes researcher Sagi Ben Ami of Israel’s Weizmann Institute of Science, and the research team includes members from the universities of Harvard, Princeton, Cambridge and UNC Chapel Hill.

The Galileo Project aims to identify unidentified aerial phenomena and “Oumuamua-like interstellar objects” through scientific analysis of data collected with cutting-edge instruments. The data and analytical process will be transparent and open to the public, the group said.

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The researchers will pursue three main avenues to achieve their goals: they seek to capture high-resolution images of unidentified aerial phenomena with a network of telescopes and other detection equipment; search for interstellar objects with existing and future astronomical surveys; and look for small extraterrestrial satellites that may be observing our planet.

The project said that, even if it does not find evidence of aliens, it will produce useful data on novel interstellar objects.

It has received donations amounting to $1.755 million, Loeb said in Monday’s press conference.

The project was named for the Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei, a trailblazer in the use of telescopes to study space who was punished by church officials in the 17th century for stating the Earth rotated around the sun. The initiative’s tagline is, “Daring to look through new telescopes.”

Loeb is from the moshav of Beit Hanan in central Israel, served in the Israel Defense Forces’ prestigious Talpiot program and received his first degree from the Hebrew University in Jerusalem.

阿曼還能成為中東的瑞士多久？- 分析

在政治上選邊站隊可能是提振阿曼經濟的先決條件，新蘇丹並沒有忘記這一事實。

作者：勞倫摩根貝瑟

2021 年 7 月 30 日 22:14

蘇丹海瑟姆·本·塔里克·賽義德於 2020 年 1 月 11 日在阿曼馬斯喀特王室委員會宣誓就職後發表講話。

（圖片來源：蘇丹·哈薩尼/路透社）

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與飽受戰爭蹂躪的也門和地區重量級的沙特阿拉伯接壤，阿曼在中東地區的突出之處在於它的突出程度，在相對和平與安靜的情況下保持低調。該國在歷史上一直是一種“中東的瑞士”，通過不選邊站來維持和平。

今天，阿曼的中立性正在經受考驗，特別是考慮到沙特阿拉伯和伊朗之間日益加劇的權力鬥爭以及國內經濟困境。

從歷史上看，阿曼與其他海灣國家不同。雖然阿曼是海灣合作委員會的成員，但它並沒有與沙特領導的也門聯盟結盟，也沒有加入對卡塔爾的封鎖。它與海灣以及伊朗保持相對穩定的關係，這在日益兩極化的地區似乎是不可能的壯舉。

長期以來，阿曼外交政策的特點是謹慎的中立和強調外交。週二，在阿曼副外長謝赫·哈利法·阿爾·哈西與美國副國務卿溫迪·謝爾曼的會晤中，謝爾曼強調了這一政策，感謝阿曼“調解該地區和平”的作用。

與此同時，阿曼正面臨著日益令人擔憂的經濟形勢。這個蘇丹國嚴重依賴石油，2018 年總出口的 80% 以上來自碳氫化合物，其石油儲備預計將在未來 25 年內耗盡。冠狀病毒大流行加劇了經濟壓力，油價暴跌並導致該國經濟放緩，導致一些地區出現青年抗議。

這些經濟問題越來越迫使阿曼轉型經濟並引入外國投資。Sultan Haitham bin Tariq 希望實現該國經濟多元化，包括通過其 2040 年願景計劃，該計劃以增加基礎設施和就業增長為中心。

然而，蘇丹也在權衡地區中立的代價。隨著阿曼周邊國家簽署經濟和基礎設施協議，其中許多協議取決於國家之間的聯盟，阿曼對此表示關注。在政治上選邊站隊可能是提振阿曼經濟的先決條件，新蘇丹並沒有忘記這一事實。

本月早些時候，蘇丹海賽姆·本·塔里克 (Sultan Haitham bin Tariq) 訪問了沙特阿拉伯，這是阿曼領導人十多年來首次訪問沙特阿拉伯。這標誌著蘇丹卡布斯·本·賽義德（Qaboos bin Said）的背離，後者在他之前統治了近 50 年並支持該國的中立​​。自去年1月上台以來，海瑟姆·本·塔里克一直謹慎行事，此次沙特之行是他上任以來首次出訪。

在沙特阿拉伯期間，蘇丹會見了沙特王儲穆罕默德·本·薩勒曼，並討論了兩國之間的關係。他們還簽署了商業和投資促進協議，並討論了貿易路線的多樣化。這次會議也是海灣團結反對伊朗的重要信號，無論阿曼人是否希望發出這一信號。

與此同時，阿曼一直小心翼翼，不與沙特走得太近，與伊朗保持友好關係。4 月，伊朗外交部長穆罕默德·賈瓦德·扎里夫訪問阿曼，根據扎里夫會後的一條推文，討論“加強雙邊、區域和全球協調”。

目前，阿曼似乎與伊朗和沙特阿拉伯都保持著積極的關係，這是該地區其他國家無法做到的。然而，隨著阿曼越來越渴望在經濟上實現多元化，這一立場可能會被迫轉變。特別是考慮到海灣地區圍繞石油依賴的類似經濟問題，他們可能不得不優先考慮這種關係。沙特-阿聯酋集團幾乎沒有表現出對其他國家施加壓力以採取其立場的保留，但阿曼可能會在什麼時候讓步？

與該地區其他國家形成鮮明對比的是，阿曼尋求扮演地區平衡者的角色。這一點在也門最為清楚。

除伊朗外，阿曼是對也門胡塞武裝影響最大的國家。阿曼自 2015 年以來一直接待胡塞官員，並因其對該組織的客觀性而受到批評和稱讚。

最近，阿曼開始在也門戰爭中扮演更積極的角色。蘇丹國已加強並參與和平談判以解決衝突。

6 月 5 日，阿曼代表團自 2014 年戰爭爆發以來首次前往胡塞控制的薩那。該代表團得到了沙特和美國的批准，阿曼外交部長賽義德·巴德爾·布賽迪與美國國務卿進行了交談。在代表團離開的前一天陳述安東尼·布林肯。沙特和美國對此次訪問的支持表明，這兩個主要參與者相信阿曼人可以在推動談判方面發揮重要作用。

“我們與阿曼代表團討論了結束侵略和解除對也門的圍困的可能願景，從人道主義行動開始，”胡塞首席談判代表穆罕默德·阿卜杜勒薩拉姆談到這次訪問時說。“今天，我們回到阿曼蘇丹國完成這些討論，並支持有助於達成解決方案的國際努力。”

阿曼對解決拖延七年的也門戰爭特別感興趣。阿曼的首要任務仍然是其穩定，它受到戰爭持續的極大威脅，特別是隨著阿拉伯半島基地組織 (AQAP) 等恐怖組織的崛起。

儘管仍然保持中立，但阿曼在也門談判中的作用越來越大，表明其作為地區參與者的重要性日益增加，並且將穩定置於不參與之中。這一政策是否會在其他地方傳播尚不清楚，但就目前而言，觀察阿曼在也門的行動對於了解該國在該地區的未來至關重要。

另一個值得關注阿曼關係的國家是以色列。阿曼在歷史上與以色列有著獨特的關係。阿曼支持 1979 年以色列和埃及之間的和平協議，並且是 1990 年代首批接待以色列高級官員的阿拉伯國家之一，其中包括 1994 年的前總理伊扎克·拉賓。

與往常一樣，阿曼歷來希望對以色列保持中立，限制其與該國的接觸。這個主題一直持續到今天，它對正常化和阿曼在這一點上遠離的亞伯拉罕協議的立場。

2 月，布賽迪說：“就以色列而言，我們對目前的關係和對話水平感到滿意，其中涉及適當的溝通渠道。”

然而，隨著阿曼尋求發展其經濟，這一立場可能會發生變化。隨著阿聯酋和巴林等國家從正常化的經濟方面受益，阿曼也可能意識到潛在的好處。如果中立的代價是經濟停滯，蘇丹國會繼續付出這個代價嗎？或者他們會意識到結盟和選邊為他們帶來的經濟利益嗎？蘇丹海瑟姆·本·塔里克將不得不確定他的優先事項，以確定該國將往哪個方向發展。

How long can Oman remain the Switzerland of the Middle East? – analysis

Taking sides politically might be a prerequisite to bolstering the Omani economy, a fact that is not lost on the new sultan.

By LAUREN MORGANBESSER

JULY 30, 2021 22:14

Sultan Haitham bin Tariq Al Said gives a speech after being sworn in before the royal family council in Muscat, Oman January 11, 2020.

(photo credit: SULTAN AL HASANI/REUTERS)

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Bordering war-torn Yemen and regional heavyweight Saudi Arabia, Oman stands out in the Middle East for how little it stands out, maintaining a low profile with relative peace and quiet. The country has historically operated as a sort of “Switzerland of the Middle East,” keeping its peace by not taking sides.

Today, Oman’s neutrality is being put to the test, especially given the growing power struggle between Saudi Arabia and Iran and domestic economic woes.

Historically, Oman has stood apart from other Gulf states. Although Oman is part of the Gulf Cooperation Council, it has not aligned itself with the Saudi-led coalition in Yemen or joined in the blockade of Qatar. It maintains relatively stable relations with the Gulf as well as Iran, a seemingly impossible feat in the increasingly polarized region.

Oman’s foreign policy has long been characterized by its careful neutrality and emphasis on diplomacy. Highlighting this policy, on Tuesday, during a meeting between Omani Deputy Foreign Minister Sheikh Khalifa Al Harthy and US Deputy Secretary of State Wendy Sherman, Sherman thanked Oman for its role of “mediating peace in the region.”

At the same time, Oman is facing a progressively worrisome economic situation. The sultanate is heavily reliant on oil, with over 80 percent of total exports in 2018 coming from hydrocarbons and their oil reserves expected to run out within the next 25 years. The coronavirus pandemic heightened pressure on the economy, with oil prices plummeting and causing economic slowdown in the country, resulting in youth protests in some areas.

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These economic troubles are increasingly pressuring Oman to transition its economy and bring in foreign investments. Sultan Haitham bin Tariq wants to diversify the economy in the country, including through its Vision 2040 plan, which centers around increased infrastructure as well as job growth.

However, the sultan is also weighing the price of regional neutrality. As countries around Oman sign economic and infrastructure agreements, many of which are contingent on alliances between the countries, Oman watches. Taking sides politically might be a prerequisite to bolstering the Omani economy, a fact that is not lost on the new sultan.

Earlier this month, Sultan Haitham bin Tariq visited Saudi Arabia in the first visit by an Omani leader in over a decade. This marked a departure from

Sultan Qaboos bin Said

who ruled for almost five decades before him and championed the country’s neutrality. Since coming to power in January of last year, Haitham bin Tariq has treaded carefully, as the visit to Saudi Arabia was the first trip abroad since he came to power.

While in Saudi Arabia, the Sultan met with Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman and discussed the relationship between the two countries. They also signed agreements on commerce and investment promotion, as well as discussing diversifying trade routes. The meeting also was an important signal of Gulf solidarity against Iran, whether or not the Omanis wanted this signal to be sent.

At the same time, Oman has been careful not to get too close to the Saudis and maintain a friendly relationship with Iran. In April, Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif visited Oman, discussing “enhanced bilateral, regional, and global coordination” according to a tweet from Zarif after the meeting.

For now, Oman appears to be maintaining a positive relationship with both Iran and Saudi Arabia, a feat that no other country in the region can claim. However, as Oman becomes more desperate to diversify itself economically, this position might be forced to shift. Especially given the Gulf’s kindred economic troubles surrounding oil dependence, they might have to prioritize this relationship. The Saudi-UAE bloc has shown few reservations of pressuring other countries to adopt its positions, but at what point might Oman give in?

IN STARK contrast to other countries in the region, Oman seeks to play the role of a regional balancer. Nowhere is this clearer than in Yemen.

Other than Iran, Oman is the country with the greatest influence on the Houthis in Yemen. Oman has hosted Houthi officials since 2015 and has been both criticized and applauded for its objectivity towards the group.

Recently, Oman has started to play a more active role in the war in Yemen. The sultanate has stepped up and gotten involved in peace negotiations to solve the conflict.

On June 5, an Omani delegation travelled to Houthi-controlled Sanaa for the first time since the outbreak of war in 2014. The delegation got approval from both the Saudis and Americans, with Omani foreign minister Sayyid Badr al-Busaidi speaking with US Secretary of State Antony Blinken the day before the delegation left. The Saudi-US backing of the visit shows that the two major players believe that the Omanis can play an important role in moving the negotiations forward.

“We discussed with the Omani delegation about a possible vision for ending the aggression and lifting the siege imposed on Yemen, starting with the humanitarian operation,” Houthi chief negotiator Mohammed Abdulsalam said of the visit. “Today, we return to the Sultanate of Oman to complete these discussions and support the international efforts that help reach a solution.”

Oman is uniquely interested in a resolution to the war in Yemen, which has dragged on for seven years. Oman’s top priority continues to be its stability, which is greatly threatened by the continuation of the war, especially with the rise of terrorist groups like Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP).

Although still neutral, Oman’s increased role in negotiations in Yemen show its increasing importance as a regional player, and its prioritization of stability over noninvolvement. Whether this policy will spread elsewhere is still unclear, but for the time being, watching Oman’s actions in Yemen is pivotal to understanding the future of the country in the region.

ANOTHER country to watch Oman’s relationship with is Israel. Oman has had a unique relationship with Israel historically. Oman backed the 1979 peace agreement between Israel and Egypt and was one of the first Arab countries to host senior Israeli officials in the 1990s, including former Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin in 1994.

As always, Oman has historically wanted to remain neutral towards Israel, limiting its contact with the country. This theme continues to today on its stance towards normalization and the Abraham Accords, which Oman has stayed away from at this point.

In February, Busaidi described that, “As regards Israel we are content so far with the level of our current relations and dialog, which involves the appropriate channels of communication.”

However, as Oman looks to advance its economy, this position might change. As countries like the UAE and Bahrain benefit from the economic aspects of normalization, Oman might also realize the potential benefits. If the price of neutrality is economic stagnation, will the Sultanate continue to pay that price? Or will they realize the economic benefits afforded to them from alliances and taking sides? Sultan Haitham bin Tariq will have to determine his priorities to find out which direction the country will go in.