2021.12.07 國際新聞導讀-印尼塞梅魯火山爆發、阿聯大公國UAE與伊朗改善關係、土耳其與阿聯改善關係、美伊核武談判第一週無任何具體進展美國考慮談判外其他選項

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2021.12.07 國際新聞導讀-印尼塞梅魯火山爆發、阿聯大公國UAE與伊朗改善關係、土耳其與阿聯改善關係、美伊核武談判第一週無任何具體進展美國考慮談判外其他選項

印度尼西亞塞梅魯火山爆發造成14人死亡；數十人受傷

在一片被灰燼覆蓋的貧瘠景觀中，房屋幾乎完全被淹沒，一輛卡車只能看到駕駛室的頂部。

通過路透

印度尼西亞災難機構週日表示，塞梅魯火山的噴發已在爪哇島上造成至少 14 人死亡，數十人受傷，救援隊在灰燼層下尋找受害者，有時還徒手挖掘。

Semeru 是爪哇島最高的山峰，週六噴出的火山灰和熱雲塔覆蓋了東爪哇省附近的村莊，人們恐慌地逃離。

當局表示，火山噴發摧毀了建築物，並切斷了連接盧馬江附近兩個地區與瑪瑯市的戰略橋樑。

BNPB 一名官員在周日晚些時候的新聞發布會上表示，已有 14 人遇難，其中 9 人身份已確認，56 人受傷，其中大部分被燒傷。

BNPB 表示，大約有 1,300 人已被疏散，而 9 人仍然下落不明。

2021 年 12 月 5 日，印度尼西亞東爪哇省 Lumajang 的 Sumber Wuluh 村看到了被從塞梅魯山噴出的火山灰覆蓋的卡車。（圖片來源：Antara Foto/Zabur Karuru 通過路透社）

自願提供幫助的 Lumajang 區居民 Taufiq Ismail Marzuqi 告訴路透社，由於橋樑被切斷和志願者缺乏經驗，救援工作“非常可怕”。

在他錄製的一段視頻中，警察和軍方官員試圖徒手挖掘屍體。

據國家通訊社 Antara 報導，救援人員在同樣位於 Lumajang 的 Curah Kobokan 村發現了一名母親的屍體，她仍然抱著死去的嬰兒。

目擊者說，Sumberwuluh 地區的路透社目擊者說，房屋和車輛幾乎完全被厚厚的灰色火山灰淹沒，倒下的樹木堵塞了道路，村民無法救出的一頭牛躺在路邊。

與家人一起撤離的 31 歲當地居民霍斯尼亞告訴路透社，火山噴發非常突然。

“一開始，我以為是炸彈炸藥……突然間天都黑了，就像要毀滅地球一樣，”她說。

Hosniya 和她的家人逃跑了，除了官方文件之外什麼也不能帶走。

救援工作

一位氣象機構官員周日晚間表示，預計未來三天將有大雨，這可能會使疏散工作複雜化。當地救援人員說，岩石碎片和熾熱的火山沉積物已經限制了移動。

BNPB 負責人說，BNPB 將重建被毀的房屋，包括挖掘機和推土機在內的重型設備正在部署中。

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該機構還表示，因火山噴發而被困在沙礦中的 10 人已被疏散到安全地帶。

據火山專家稱，塞梅魯自 2014 年以來一直處於噴發階段，最近開始噴出熱雲和熔岩流，促使當局從周三開始警告人們不要靠近它。

印度尼西亞交通部周日表示，火山噴發並未對航班造成任何中斷，但已提醒飛行員注意火山灰。

Semeru 海拔超過 3,600 米（12,000 英尺），是印度尼西亞近 130 座活火山之一。

印度尼西亞橫跨“太平洋火環”，這是一個地震高度活躍的地帶，地殼上的不同板塊在此處相遇並產生大量地震和火山。

雖然印度尼西亞的許多火山都顯示出持續的高水平活動，但噴發可能需要數年時間。2010 年，爪哇島上的默拉皮火山爆發，造成 350 多人死亡，40 萬人流離失所。

Indonesia Semeru volcanic eruption kills 14; dozens injured

In a barren landscape covered in ash, homes were almost completely submerged, and a truck had only the top of the driver's cab visible.

By REUTERS

Published: DECEMBER 5, 2021 06:56

Updated: DECEMBER 5, 2021 16:40

Mount Semeru spews hot clouds as seen from Pronojiwo, Lumajang, East Java province, Indonesia December 5, 2021.

(photo credit: Antara Foto/Ari Bowo Sucipto/via REUTERS)

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The eruption of Semeru volcano has killed at least 14 people and injured dozens on Java island, Indonesia's disaster agency said on Sunday, as rescue teams searched for victims under layers of ash, sometimes digging with their bare hands.

Semeru, the tallest mountain on Java, threw up towers of ash and hot clouds on Saturday that blanketed nearby villages in East Java province and sent people fleeing in panic.

The eruption destroyed buildings and severed a strategic bridge connecting two areas in the nearby district of Lumajang with the city of Malang, authorities said.

A BNPB official said in a news conference late on Sunday that 14 people had been killed, nine of whom have been identified, and 56 people suffered injuries, most of them burns.

Around 1,300 people have been evacuated, while nine people remain unaccounted for, BNPB said.

Trucks covered by volcanic ash which is spewed out of Mount Semeru are seen in Sumber Wuluh Village, Lumajang, East Java province, Indonesia December 5, 2021. (credit: Antara Foto/Zabur Karuru via REUTERS)

Taufiq Ismail Marzuqi, a resident in the district of Lumajang who had volunteered to help, told Reuters that rescue efforts were "very dire" because of the severed bridge and volunteers lacking experience.

In a video he recorded, police and military officials tried to excavate bodies with their bare hands.

Rescuers in the village of Curah Kobokan, also in Lumajang, found the body of a mother still holding her dead baby, the state news agency Antara reported.

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A Reuters witness in the Sumberwuluh area said homes and vehicles were almost completely submerged by thick, grey ash, fallen trees blocked roads and a cow which villagers had been unable to rescue lay by the roadside, the witness said.

Hosniya, a 31-year-old local resident who was evacuated with her family, told Reuters that the eruption was very sudden.

"At first, I thought it was a bomb explosive…suddenly it was all dark, like it was going to destroy the earth," she said.

Hosniya and her family fled, unable to take anything with them other than their official papers.

RESCUE EFFORTS

Heavy rain is expected for the next three days, which could complicate evacuation efforts, a meteorological agency official said late on Sunday. Rock debris and hot volcanic sediment were already limiting movement, local rescuers said.

BNPB will rebuild the wrecked homes, and heavy equipment, including excavators and bulldozers, is being deployed, its chief said.

The agency also said that 10 people trapped in sand mines by the eruption had been evacuated to safety.

Semeru, which according to volcano experts has been in an eruptive phase since 2014, had started emitting hot clouds and lava flows recently, prompting the authorities to issue warnings for people not to go near it from Wednesday.

Indonesia's transportation ministry said on Sunday the eruption had not caused any disruption to flights, though pilots have been alerted to watch out for the ashfall.

Semeru, more than 3,600 meters (12,000 feet) high, is one of Indonesia's nearly 130 active volcanoes.

Indonesia straddles the "Pacific Ring of Fire," a highly seismically active zone, where different plates on the earth’s crust meet and create a large number of earthquakes and volcanoes.

While many Indonesian volcanoes show high levels of continued activity, eruptions can be years apart. In 2010, an eruption of the Merapi volcano on Java island killed over 350 people and displaced 400,000.

聯合國推遲對塔利班和緬甸董事會承認的決定

證書委員會不太可能在 2022 年底之前再次考慮代表阿富汗和緬甸的競爭要求。

通過路透

發佈時間： 2021 年 12 月 6 日 18:11

2009 年 11 月 5 日，赫拉特附近聯合國多機構大院的入口。

（圖片來源：REUTERS/MORTEZA NIKOUBAZL）

廣告

聯合國大會周一支持推遲對阿富汗和緬甸席位的競爭性證書要求的決定，這意味著塔利班和緬甸軍政府目前不會被允許進入擁有 193 個成員的世界機構。

塔利班和緬甸軍政府與他們今年罷免的政府任命的大使進行了競爭，提出了競爭對手的代表要求。聯合國對塔利班或緬甸軍政府的接受將是朝著兩者所尋求的國際承認邁出的一步。

包括俄羅斯、中國和美國在內的一個由九名成員組成的聯合國全權證書委員會上周同意推遲對這兩種情況的決定，外交官表示，這將使現任大使留在各自國家的席位。

聯合國大會周一未經表決批准了該決定。證書委員會不太可能在 2022 年底之前再次考慮代表阿富汗和緬甸的競爭要求。

2021 年 11 月 2 日，塔利班戰士在阿富汗喀布爾的急診醫院門口檢查受傷的同志（圖片來源：REUTERS/ZOHRA BENSEMRA）

塔利班於 8 月中旬從國際公認的政府手中奪取政權，任命其駐多哈發言人 Suhail Shaheen 為阿富汗駐聯合國大使。被罷免政府任命的現任聯合國大使古拉姆·伊薩克扎伊也要求保留席位。

當塔利班最後一次在 1996 年至 2001 年間統治阿富汗時，在全權證書委員會推遲就該席位的競爭性主張做出決定後，他們推翻的政府大使仍然是聯合國代表。

緬甸軍政府於 2 月從昂山素季民選政府手中奪取權力，任命退伍軍人昂圖雷為其聯合國特使。

現任大使覺萌敦 - 由昂山素季政府任命 - 也要求更新他的聯合國認證，儘管他因反對政變而成為殺害或傷害他的陰謀的目標。

週一，緬甸一家法院裁定被罷免的領導人昂山素季犯有煽動罪和違反冠狀病毒限制的罪名，一些批評人士稱這是一場虛假審判。

UN postpones decision on Taliban, Myanmar junta recognition

The credentials committee is unlikely to again consider the rival claims to represent Afghanistan and Myanmar until late 2022.

By REUTERS

Published: DECEMBER 6, 2021 18:11

A view of an entrance of the United Nations multi-agency compound near Herat November 5, 2009.

(photo credit: REUTERS/MORTEZA NIKOUBAZL)

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The UN General Assembly on Monday backed postponing a decision on rival credential claims for the seats of Afghanistan and Myanmar, which means the Taliban and Myanmar junta will not be allowed into the 193-member world body for now.

Rival representation claims were made with the Taliban and Myanmar's junta pitted against ambassadors appointed by the governments they ousted this year. UN acceptance of the Taliban or Myanmar's junta would be a step toward the international recognition sought by both.

A nine-member UN credentials committee, which includes Russia, China and the United States, last week agreed to defer a decision in both cases, which diplomats said would leave the current ambassadors in the seats for their countries.

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The UN General Assembly approved the decision on Monday without a vote. The credentials committee is unlikely to again consider the rival claims to represent Afghanistan and Myanmar until late 2022.

Taliban fighters check on injured comrades at the entrance of the emergency hospital in Kabul, Afghanistan November 2, 2021 (credit: REUTERS/ZOHRA BENSEMRA)

The Taliban, which seized power in mid-August from the internationally recognized government, nominated its Doha-based spokesman Suhail Shaheen as Afghanistan's UN ambassador. The current UN ambassador appointed by the ousted government, Ghulam Isaczai, also asked to keep the seat.

When the Taliban last ruled Afghanistan between 1996 and 2001, the ambassador of the government they toppled remained the UN representative after the credentials committee deferred its decision on rival claims to the seat.

Myanmar's junta, which seized power from Aung San Suu Kyi's elected government in February, put forward military veteran Aung Thurein to be its UN envoy.

Current Ambassador Kyaw Moe Tun - appointed by Suu Kyi's government - also asked to renew his UN accreditation, despite being the target of a plot to kill or injure him over his opposition to the coup.

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A court in Myanmar found deposed leader Suu Kyi guilty of charges of incitement and breaching coronavirus restrictions on Monday, in what some critics described as a sham trial.

宗教神職人員敦促為波蘭和白俄羅斯邊境的尋求庇護者提供援助

數以千計的移民和尋求庇護者在陷入國際口角後，在東歐邊境面臨著可怕的境遇。

作者：傑瑞米·沙龍

發佈時間： 2021 年 12 月 5 日 18:15

更新時間： 2021 年 12 月 5 日 19:58

在領土國防軍於 2021 年 11 月 12 日發布的這張照片中，波蘭士兵和警察在波蘭庫茲尼察附近的波蘭/白俄羅斯邊境觀察移民。

（圖片來源：IREK DOROZANSKI/DWOT/Handout via REUTERS）

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來自波蘭天主教、路德教、猶太教和穆斯林社區的高級宗教領袖呼籲波蘭總統安傑伊·杜達採取更多措施減輕目前滯留在白俄羅斯和波蘭邊境的移民和尋求庇護者的痛苦。

這四位領導人援引基督教、猶太教和穆斯林的經文，命令總統向陷入外交和人道主義危機的人們提供更大的援助，並表示波蘭有道德義務防止進一步的苦難。

簽署人包括代表波蘭天主教主教團的 Krzysztof Zadarko 主教、路德教會的主教 Jerzy Samiec、首席拉比 Michael Schudrich 和代表穆斯林社區的 Mufti Tomasz Miśkiewicz。

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“總統和總理應該明白，波蘭亞伯拉罕信仰的宗教領袖都對邊境危機感到擔憂和不安，”舒德里希週日表示。

繼 11 月提交信函後，各國領導人上週四會見了總統府部長博格納·揚克，進一步表達了他們的擔憂。

白俄羅斯總統亞歷山大·盧卡申科於 2020 年 11 月 30 日在白俄羅斯明斯克與歐亞經濟委員會主席米哈伊爾·米亞斯尼科維奇舉行會議。（圖片來源：MAXIM GUCHEK/BELTA/HANDOUT VIA REUTERS）

由獨裁者亞歷山大·盧卡申科( Alexander Lukashenko)領導的白俄羅斯最近幾個月允許數千名伊拉克人和其他人進入該國，並通過幫助他們到達與波蘭和立陶宛的邊界來鼓勵他們嘗試進入歐盟。

這些國家大多拒絕讓他們入境，而白俄羅斯安全部隊拒絕讓他們離開邊境地區。

盧卡申科因 5 月份歐盟對白俄羅斯實施的製裁而痛心疾首，此前白俄羅斯政權強迫一架瑞安航空公司的商用飛機在飛往立陶宛維爾紐斯的途中降落在明斯克，以逮捕一名反對派活動人士和他的女朋友。

波蘭和白俄羅斯邊境的確切人數尚不清楚，但媒體報導稱這一數字在 2,000 至 5,000 人之間，白俄羅斯其他地區的人數在 15,000 至 20,000 人之間。

他們目前正面臨東歐冬季的惡劣天氣條件，缺乏食物和其他人道主義必需品。

據人權觀察組織稱，至少有 13 名移民在邊境的波蘭一側死亡，而更多的移民可能在白俄羅斯一側死亡。由於媒體和人道主義組織無法進入那裡，因此不知道數字。

“人們在波蘭邊境受苦受難。作為三個亞伯拉罕教派的神職人員和波蘭公民，我們不能接受這樣的悲劇正在我們眼前上演的事實——一場人道主義災難，”宗教領袖寫信給杜達。

“我們三個教派的聖經明確信息禁止我們這樣做，”他們繼續引用希伯來聖經、新約和古蘭經。

Religious clergy urge aid for asylum seekers on Polish-Belarusian border

Thousands of migrants and asylum seekers have are facing dire circumstances on the Eastern European border after becoming trapped in an international spat.

By JEREMY SHARON

Published: DECEMBER 5, 2021 18:15

Updated: DECEMBER 5, 2021 19:58

Polish soldiers and police watch migrants at the Poland/Belarus border near Kuznica, Poland, in this photograph released by the Territorial Defence Forces, November 12, 2021.

(photo credit: IREK DOROZANSKI/DWOT/HANDOUT VIA REUTERS)

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Senior religious leaders from the Catholic, Lutheran, Jewish, and Muslim communities in Poland have called on Polish President Andrzej Duda to do more to alleviate the suffering of migrants and asylum seekers currently stuck on the Belarus-Polish border.

Citing Christian, Jewish, and Muslim scriptures, the four leaders adjured the president to provide greater assistance to those caught up in the diplomatic and humanitarian crisis and said Poland had a moral obligation to prevent further suffering.

The signatories include Bishop Krzysztof Zadarko representing the Catholic Episcopate of Poland, Bishop Jerzy Samiec of the Lutheran church, Chief Rabbi Michael Schudrich and Mufti Tomasz Miśkiewicz representing the Muslim community.

“The president and the prime minister should understand that the religious leadership of the Abrahamic faiths in Poland are all concerned and upset by the crisis on the border,” Schudrich said on Sunday.

Following the submission of their letter in November, the leaders met with Minister Bogna Janke of the Presidential Chancellery last Thursday to further voice their concerns.

Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko attends a meeting with Chairman of the Board of the Eurasian Economic Commission Mikhail Myasnikovich in Minsk, Belarus November 30, 2020. (credit: MAXIM GUCHEK/BELTA/HANDOUT VIA REUTERS)

Belarus, led by dictator Alexander Lukashenko, has in recent months allowed thousands of Iraqis and others to enter the country, and encouraged them to try and enter the EU by helping them reach its borders with Poland and Lithuania.

Those nations have mostly refused to allow them entry, while the Belarusian security forces refuse to let them leave the border region.

Lukashenko is smarting from sanctions imposed on Belarus by the European Union in May after the regime forced a commercial Ryanair airplane en route to Vilnius, Lithuania, to land in Minsk in order to arrest an opposition activist and his girlfriend.

Exact numbers of people on the Polish-Belarus border are not known, but media reports have put the figure at between 2,000 to 5,000 people, with between 15,000 to 20,000 present in the rest of Belarus.

They are currently facing the severe weather conditions of the eastern European winter and lack food and other humanitarian necessities.

At least 13 migrants have died on the Polish side of the border, according to Human Rights Watch, while more have likely died on the Belarus side. Numbers are not known due to the lack of access there for the media and humanitarian organizations.

“People suffer and die on Polish borders. As clergy of the three Abrahamic denominations, and as Polish citizens, we cannot accept the fact that such a tragedy is unfolding before our eyes – a humanitarian catastrophe,” wrote the religious leaders to Duda.

“We are prohibited from this by the unequivocal message of the Holy Scriptures of our three denominations,” they continued, citing the Hebrew Bible, the New Testament, and the Koran.

經濟危機當兒 艾爾段訪卡達將簽多項協議

The Central News Agency 中央通訊社

2021年12月6日 週一 下午11:48·2 分鐘 (閱讀時間)

（中央社記者何宏儒安卡拉6日專電）土耳其總統艾爾段對卡達展開兩天訪問，強調將「一視同仁地」開展安卡拉與波斯灣國家關係。土耳其正逢經濟危機，外界認為這可能是它尋求與區域夙敵關係正常化原因之一。

艾爾段（Recep Tayyip Erdogan）於啟程前往杜哈前在伊斯坦堡說：「我們將在共同利益和相互尊重的前提下，繼續一視同仁地開展對波斯灣兄弟的關係。」

他說：「我們對於重啟對話、進行外交努力表示歡迎，藉以避免在波斯灣地區發生誤解。」

艾爾段與長期盟友、卡達國王塔米姆（Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad al-Thani）明天將共同主持土耳其—卡達最高戰略委員會第7屆會議。

土耳其駐卡達大使高柯樹（Mustafa Goksu）告訴半島電視台（Al-Jazeera），峰會中將就兩國多個領域合作簽署諸多協議。

獨立新聞媒體「中東之眼」（Middle East Eye）報導，2020年5月經磋商後，兩國貨幣互換安排上限自50億美元提升至相當於150億美元。

土耳其正逢經濟危機。國營土耳其廣播電視公司（TRT）稍早直播土耳其外長卡夫索格魯（Mevlut Cavusoglu）杜哈記者會的訊號突然被切斷，因為有記者提問：「你們是不是來卡達找錢的？」

阿拉伯聯合大公國事實上統治者、阿布達比邦王儲穆罕默德（Mohammed bin Zayed Al-Nahyan）11月24日到訪安卡拉，這是他自2012年以來首度正式訪問土耳其。

艾爾段和穆罕默德都懷抱著領導區域的抱負，兩人當天坐在一起見證雙方代表團簽署10項備忘錄。在穆罕默德具里程碑意義的訪問期間，阿聯宣布設置100億美元基金投資土耳其。兩個長年區域敵手的關係翻開新頁。

艾爾段曾指控穆罕默德教唆土耳其2016年7月失敗軍事政變，稱他是「土耳其最險惡敵人」。

2017年沙烏地阿拉伯、阿聯和其他鄰國對卡達進行外交封鎖後，土耳其和阿拉伯國家關係更為惡化。封鎖期間，杜哈仰賴安卡拉提供支持，使得兩國關係更密切。

艾爾段今天說：「對卡達實施的封鎖和制裁已經取消。此時此刻，波斯灣國家正在重建團結。」

他11月29日宣布將於2月回訪阿布達比時還表示，土耳其也計劃修補對埃及和以色列關係，將會任命大使。艾爾段當時說：「一旦我們作成決定，就會任命大使，將會採取類似於我們對阿拉伯聯合大公國的作法。」

艾爾段出訪卡達前，卡夫索格魯昨天與卡達外長穆罕默德（Mohammed bin Abdulrahman Al-Thani）在杜哈進行會談，商討了阿富汗與喀布爾機場營運等議題。

穆罕默德會後說：「卡達和土耳其與阿富汗過渡政府不斷合作，希望就機場營運達成協議。」（編輯：林治平）1101205

沙特王儲將於週一開始海灣地區之行

穆罕默德·本·薩勒曼親王將訪問各個海灣國家，以挽救伊朗與西方之間的核協議。

通過路透

發佈時間： 2021 年 12 月 6 日 07:53

沙特阿拉伯王儲穆罕默德·本·薩勒曼於 2018 年 12 月 23 日在沙特阿拉伯利雅得出席費薩爾國王航空學院第 95 批學員的畢業典禮。

（圖片來源：BANDAR ALGALOUD/沙特王室提供/通過路透社的講義）

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沙特阿拉伯事實上的統治者王儲穆罕默德·本·薩勒曼將於週一在本月舉行年度海灣峰會之前開始訪問海灣阿拉伯國家，此次峰會正值旨在挽救伊朗與西方之間的核協議的重要談判之際。

據沙特擁有的阿拉伯電視台報導，穆罕默德王子將訪問阿曼、阿拉伯聯合酋長國、巴林、卡塔爾和科威特。阿曼將是巡迴賽的第一站。

這將是自利雅得及其阿拉伯盟友於 2017 年年中連續對多哈實施禁運以來，王儲首次訪問鄰國卡塔爾，該禁運僅在去年 1 月才得到解決。阿拉比亞說，海灣阿拉伯領導人峰會將於12月中旬在沙特首都利雅得舉行。

沙特阿拉伯和阿聯酋已與長期敵人伊朗接觸，以遏制地區緊張局勢，因為華盛頓和德黑蘭之間進行了間接會談，以恢復核協議的拖累。

上週在維也納舉行的最新一輪會談中，西方大國質疑伊朗挽救 2015 年協議的決心，海灣國家認為該協議存在缺陷，因為它沒有解決德黑蘭的導彈計劃和區域代理網絡問題。

沙特阿拉伯王儲穆罕默德·本·薩勒曼（右）上週在沙特阿拉伯會見了卡塔爾埃米爾謝赫·塔米姆·本·哈馬德·阿勒薩尼。（信用：路透社）

時任總統唐納德特朗普於 2018 年讓美國退出該協議並重新實施美國製裁，促使伊朗從 2019 年開始違反核限制。德黑蘭否認尋求核武器。

沙特阿拉伯王儲在阿聯酋最高國家安全顧問預計將訪問伊朗的同一天開始他的地區訪問。

遜尼派穆斯林勢力沙特阿拉伯於 4 月與什葉派伊朗進行了直接會談，伊朗與伊朗陷入了中東的幾場代理人衝突。利雅得將在伊拉克舉行的討論描述為主要是探索性的。

Saudi crown prince will start tour of Gulf region on Monday

Prince Mohammed bin Salman will visit the various Gulf States for salvaging a nuclear pact between Iran and the West.

By REUTERS

Published: DECEMBER 6, 2021 07:53

Saudi Arabia's Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman attends a graduation ceremony for the 95th batch of cadets from the King Faisal Air Academy in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia December 23, 2018.

(photo credit: BANDAR ALGALOUD/COURTESY OF SAUDI ROYAL COURT/HANDOUT VIA REUTERS)

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Saudi Arabia's de facto ruler Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman will start a tour of Gulf Arab states on Monday ahead of an annual Gulf summit this month that comes amid crucial talks aimed at salvaging a nuclear pact between Iran and the West.

Prince Mohammed will visit Oman, the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Qatar and Kuwait, Saudi-owned Al Arabiya television reported. Oman will be the first leg of the tour.

It would be the crown prince's first trip to neighbouring Qatar since Riyadh and its Arab allies imposed an embargo on Doha in mid-2017 in a row that was only resolved last January. Al Arabiya said the summit of Gulf Arab leaders would be held in the Saudi capital Riyadh in mid-December.

Saudi Arabia and the UAE have engaged with long-time foe Iran in a bid to contain regional tensions as indirect talks between Washington and Tehran to revive the nuclear pact drag.

In the latest round of talks in Vienna last week, Western powers questioned Iran's determination to salvage the 2015 agreement, which Gulf states saw as flawed for not addressing Tehran's missiles program and network of regional proxies.

SAUDI ARABIAN Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman (right) meets Qatar’s Emir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad al-Thani in Saudi Arabia last week. (credit: REUTERS)

Then-President Donald Trump withdrew the United States from the pact in 2018 and reimposed U.S. sanctions, prompting Iran to begin violating nuclear restrictions starting in 2019. Tehran denies seeking nuclear weapons.

Saudi Arabia's crown prince starts his regional tour on the same day that the UAE's top national security adviser is expected to visit Iran.

Sunni Muslim power Saudi Arabia in April launched direct talks with Shi'ite Iran, with which it is locked in several proxy conflicts in the Middle East. Riyadh has described the discussions, held in Iraq, as largely exploratory.

阿聯酋國家安全顧問會見伊朗官員

阿聯酋國家安全顧問周一在德黑蘭會見了伊朗安全官員，以加強關係。

通過TZVI JOFFRE

發佈時間： 2021 年 12 月 6 日 10:35

阿聯酋國家安全顧問Tahnoun bin Zayed Al Nahyan在德黑蘭會見伊朗最高國家安全委員會秘書阿里沙姆哈尼

（圖片來源：Marziyeh Mousavi/IRNA）

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週一上午，阿拉伯聯合酋長國國家安全顧問 Tahnoun bin Zayed Al Nahyan 在德黑蘭會見了伊朗最高國家安全委員會秘書 Ali Shamkhani。

據伊朗伊斯蘭共和國通訊社（IRNA）報導，阿勒納哈揚將在訪問伊朗期間會見多位高級官員，目的是發展和加強雙邊關係並討論最近的地區事態發展。

上個月，伊朗首席核談判代表阿里·巴蓋里·卡尼 (Ali Bagheri Kani) 在推特上表示，阿聯酋和伊朗已同意開啟兩國關係的“新篇章”。

阿拉伯聯合酋長國國家安全顧問 Tahnoun bin Zayed Al Nahyan 在德黑蘭會見伊朗最高國家安全委員會秘書 Ali Shamkhani（圖片來源：Marziyeh Mousavi/IRNA）

阿聯酋總統的外交顧問安瓦爾加爾加什上個月表示，阿聯酋代表團將很快訪問伊朗，以“翻開兩國關係的新篇章”。

“伊朗人認識到他們需要重建與海灣地區的橋樑。我們對此持積極態度，”加爾加什說。

UAE national security adviser meets with Iranian officials

The national security advisor of the UAE met with Iranian security officials in Tehran on Monday to strengthen relations.

By TZVI JOFFRE

Published: DECEMBER 6, 2021 10:35

Tahnoun bin Zayed Al Nahyan, national security advisor of the United Arab Emirates, meets with Ali Shamkhani, the secretary of Iran's Supreme National Security Council, in Tehran

(photo credit: Marziyeh Mousavi/IRNA)

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Tahnoun bin Zayed Al Nahyan, national security advisor of the United Arab Emirates, met with Ali Shamkhani, the secretary of Iran's Supreme National Security Council, in Tehran on Monday morning.

Al Nahyan is set to meet with a number of high-ranking officials during his visit in Iran, with the goal of developing and strengthening bilateral relations and discussing recent regional developments, according to the Islamic Republic News Agency (IRNA).

Last month, Iran's chief nuclear negotiator Ali Bagheri Kani tweeted that the UAE and Iran had agreed to "open a new chapter" in relations between the two countries.

Tahnoun bin Zayed Al Nahyan, national security advisor of the United Arab Emirates, meets with Ali Shamkhani, the secretary of Iran's Supreme National Security Council, in Tehran (credit: Marziyeh Mousavi/IRNA)

Anwar Gargash, diplomatic adviser to the UAE president, stated last month that an Emirati delegation would be visiting Iran soon in order to "turn over a new page" in relations.

"There is a recognition by the Iranians that they need to rebuild bridges with the Gulf. We are picking that up positively" said Gargash.

以色列謹慎看待阿聯酋與伊朗的和解

“這對以色列來說非常令人擔憂，”海法大學海灣國家問題專家莫蘭扎加博士說。

作者：KEREN SETTON/媒體熱線

發佈時間： 2021 年 12 月 6 日 01:40

2021 年 6 月 11 日，婦女走過阿拉伯聯合酋長國迪拜的哈利法塔

（圖片來源：路透社/克里斯托弗·派克）

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最近的地區事態發展讓以色列感到擔憂，因為它的一些新盟友正逐漸接近其主要競爭對手伊朗。

阿聯酋官員上個月宣布，阿拉伯聯合酋長國的一個代表團將在不久的將來訪問德黑蘭，這是耶路撒冷令人擔憂的最新原因。但是，在密切關注事件的同時，以色列對與阿聯酋建立的關係充滿信心。

儘管如此，中東的關係還是會變幻無常。一天看似穩定的事物，第二天可能會經歷劇變。

“這對以色列來說非常令人擔憂，”海法大學和以色列區域外交政策研究所的海灣國家專家莫蘭扎加博士說。“和解是有代價的。靠近伊朗和靠近以色列是行不通的。”

以色列和阿聯酋於 2020 年建立了全面外交關係。該協議是亞伯拉罕協議的一部分，該協議使以色列與四個國家（阿聯酋、摩洛哥、巴林和蘇丹）之間的關係正常化。

2021 年 6 月 3 日，伊朗德黑蘭，當煉油廠冒出的煙霧在背景中升起時，農民在田間工作。（圖片來源：MAJID ASGARIPOUR/WANA（西亞新聞社）VIA REUTERS）

根據扎加的說法，阿聯酋現在可能會減少讓更多國家加入亞伯拉罕協議的努力。雖然協議的現狀將保持不變，但不會擴大。

“協議的玻璃天花板現在更加明顯，”她繼續說道。“與以色列的關係將受到限制。”

以色列正在淡化其擔憂。

耶路撒冷的一位外交消息人士告訴媒體專線：“以色列並不擔心，但也不滿意這一事態發展，我們表達了我們對事態發展的興趣，他們（阿聯酋）非常清楚我們不喜歡這種情況，但是我們不需要保證。”

阿聯酋和以色列之間的關係被認為足夠穩定，該協議沒有任何風險。

“關鍵詞是實用主義，”巴伊蘭大學中東研究系的 Joshua Teitelbaum 教授說，“阿聯酋對伊朗、其核抱負以及擴大其在該地區影響力的願望不抱任何幻想。它希望與伊朗保持良好關係，但這與與以色列保持良好關係並不矛盾。”

耶路撒冷還以極大的興趣關注在維也納進行的核談判對不斷變化的地區聯盟可能產生的影響。在伊朗代表就可能達成的新協議的條款進行談判時，以色列已經緊張不安。美國力量在談判室中的投射或缺乏，肯定會對該地區的政治平衡產生影響。

“對於阿聯酋來說，有一種感覺，美國在該地區被認為明顯弱於[比前任政府]，他們需要照顧好自己，”耶路撒冷的外交消息人士說，不願透露姓名。“他們正在與該地區更具威脅性的行為者結盟，以避免與伊朗發生衝突。”

核談判的結果將是深遠的，因為德黑蘭已經在整個地區投下了長長的陰影。

伊朗國家安全研究所高級研究員約爾·古贊斯基 (Yoel Guzansky) 博士說：“如果達成協議，伊朗將更有底氣，從制裁救濟中獲得大量資金，並且仍然能夠維持其核計劃。”特拉維夫大學。“很明顯誰將在海灣地區發號施令。”

在中斷六個月的維也納會談恢復前幾天，伊朗首席談判代表兼外交部副部長阿里·巴蓋里·卡尼訪問了阿聯酋。

“我們同意開啟兩國關係的新篇章，”他在訪問後在他的推特賬戶上寫道。

媒體援引阿聯酋總統外交顧問、前外交部長安瓦爾加爾加什的話說，這些國家正在採取措施緩和兩國之間的緊張局勢。

伊朗官方媒體週日報導稱，阿聯酋國家安全顧問謝赫·塔赫諾·本·扎耶德·阿勒納哈揚將於週一訪問伊朗，討論擴大雙邊關係，這似乎是其中的一個步驟。

由於對伊朗地區活動的擔憂加劇，阿聯酋和德黑蘭之間的關係多年來一直緊張。2019年，伊朗在海灣地區襲擊阿聯酋船隻後，雙方開始對話。與此同時，阿聯酋宣布從也門撤軍，在那裡它在與伊朗支持的胡塞叛亂分子的戰鬥中根深蒂固。伊朗-阿聯酋對話的結果是一項邊境安全諒解備忘錄，保證了阿聯酋的海上穩定。

美國的政治轉變以及整個中東地區認為拜登政府較少參與該地區的看法對阿聯酋最近的舉動產生了直接影響。

“伊朗和阿聯酋已經進行了政治對話，但美國政府的變化使阿聯酋在與伊朗的關係上又向前邁進了一步，”扎加說。“他們明白，與以色列的 [新] 國防聯盟無法與美國的國防保護傘相提並論，而且 [總統喬] 拜登沒有表現出願意為他們加倍努力的跡象。

“美國的變化對我們在整個地區看到的外交政策變化產生了關鍵影響，”扎加繼續說道。“有一種理解，有些事情需要改變。在這一點上，美國提供的保護傘是有限且模糊的。”

早在考慮與以色列實現正常化之前，阿聯酋和伊朗就有著重要的關係。阿布扎比和德黑蘭之間的貿易量很大，即使在緊張局勢加劇的情況下也依然如此。阿聯酋是伊朗第二大貿易夥伴，僅次於中國。這種關係不會消失，以色列明白這一點。

“以色列理解這一點，”泰特爾鮑姆說。據他介紹，阿聯酋採取的措施在很大程度上是向華盛頓發出的信號。“當他們看到美國似乎正在退出，而伊朗可能在核談判中戰勝美國時，他們就會希望改善與伊朗的關係。”

以色列和阿聯酋都對伊朗感到擔憂，但對威脅的看法不同。美國對整個中東地區伊朗襲擊的反應乏善可陳，這給海灣國家留下了持久的印象。

“阿聯酋人更加依賴美國，而且離伊朗更近，”古贊斯基說。“以色列需要明白，阿聯酋不能與以色列結盟對抗伊朗；可以在戰術行動上進行合作，但任何更多的事情都不符合他們的利益。”

顯然，該地區正處於地緣政治發生重大變化的時期。阿聯酋和以色列似乎都對兩國關係持務實態度，雙方都希望看到美國如何重新定位自己。

“每個人都希望美國站出來，每個人都在對沖他們的賭注，”泰特爾鮑姆說，“但我們在這裡沒有看到任何結構性變化。”

Israel eyes UAE-Iran rapprochement with caution

“This is very worrisome for Israel,” said Dr. Moran Zaga, an expert on the Gulf states from the University of Haifa.

By KEREN SETTON/ THE MEDIA LINE

Published: DECEMBER 6, 2021 01:40

Women walk past the Burj Khalifa in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, June 11, 2021

(photo credit: REUTERS/CHRISTOPHER PIKE)

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Recent regional developments have Israel worried, as some of its newfound allies are inching closer to its archrival Iran.

The announcement by an Emirati official last month that a delegation from the United Arab Emirates is slated to visit Tehran in the near future is the latest cause for concern in Jerusalem. But, while monitoring events closely, Israel has faith in the ties forged with the UAE.

Still, relations in the Middle East can be fickle. What appears stable one day may experience upheaval the next.

“This is very worrisome for Israel,” said Dr. Moran Zaga, an expert on the Gulf states from the University of Haifa and Mitvim − The Israeli Institute for Regional Foreign Policies. “Rapprochement will come with a price. Getting closer to Iran and getting closer to Israel doesn’t work together.”

Israel and the UAE established full diplomatic relations in 2020. The agreement came as part of the Abraham Accords that normalized relations between Israel and four countries: the UAE, Morocco, Bahrain, and Sudan.

Farmers work in a field as smoke from an oil refinery rises in the background, in Tehran, Iran June 3, 2021. (credit: MAJID ASGARIPOUR/WANA (WEST ASIA NEWS AGENCY) VIA REUTERS)

According to Zaga, the UAE is now likely to make less of an effort to get additional countries to join the Abraham Accords. While the status quo of the agreements will remain untouched, they will not be expanded.

“The glass ceiling of the accords is now more visible,” she continued. “There will be limitations regarding the relations with Israel.”

Israel is downplaying its concerns.

“Israel is not concerned, but also not happy with this development,” a diplomatic source in Jerusalem told The Media Line, “We expressed our interest in the developments and they [the UAE] know very well we don’t like this, but we do not need reassurances.”

The relations between the UAE and Israel are believed to be stable enough and the pact not at any risk.

“The keyword is pragmatism,” said Prof. Joshua Teitelbaum from the Department of Middle Eastern Studies at Bar-Ilan University, “The UAE has no illusions about Iran, its nuclear aspirations, and its wish to extend its influence in the region. It wants to maintain a good relationship with Iran but that doesn’t contradict a good relationship with Israel.”

Jerusalem is also following with great interest the possible impact of the nuclear negotiations taking place in Vienna on shifting regional alliances. As Iranian delegates negotiate the terms of a possible new deal, Israel is already jittery. Projection of American power, or the lack thereof, in the negotiation room, will surely have an effect on the political balance in the region.

“For the UAE, there is a feeling that the US is perceived as significantly weaker in the region [than under the previous administration] and they need to take care of themselves,” the diplomatic source in Jerusalem said, speaking on condition of anonymity. “They are aligning themselves… with the more threatening actor in the region, in order to avoid confrontation with Iran.”

The results of the nuclear negotiations will be far-reaching, as Tehran already casts a long shadow across the region.

“If there will be an agreement, Iran will be emboldened and will have plenty of money from sanction relief and will still be able to maintain its nuclear program,” said Dr. Yoel Guzansky, a senior fellow at the Institute for National Security Studies at Tel Aviv University. “It will be clear who will call the shots in the Gulf.”

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Days before the talks in Vienna resumed after a six-month break, Iran’s chief negotiator and deputy foreign minister, Ali Bagheri Kani, visited the UAE.

“We agreed to open a new chapter in the relations,” he posted on his Twitter account after the visit.

Anwar Gargash, a diplomatic adviser to the UAE president and a former minister of state for foreign affairs, was quoted in the media as saying the countries were taking steps to de-escalate the tensions between them.

Iranian state media reported Sunday that UAE National Security Adviser Sheikh Tahnoun bin Zayed Al Nahyan will visit Iran on Monday to discuss expanding bilateral ties, in what appears to be one of those steps.

Relations between the UAE and Tehran have been tense for years, as concern about Iranian regional activities mounted. In 2019, the two sides began a dialogue following Iranian attacks on Emirati ships in the Gulf. Simultaneously, the UAE announced its withdrawal from Yemen, where it was heavily entrenched in the fighting against Iranian-backed Houthi rebels. The result of the Iranian-Emirati dialogue was a Memorandum of Understanding on border security that guaranteed maritime stability for the UAE.

The political shift in the US and the perception throughout the Middle East that the Biden Administration is less engaged in the region has had a direct impact on the recent Emirati moves.

“Iran and the UAE have already been engaged in political dialogue, but the change in the US administration has the UAE taking an additional step further in its relations with Iran,” said Zaga. “They understand that the [new] defense alliance with Israel does not compare with an American defense umbrella and that [President Joe] Biden shows no signs of willingness to go the extra mile for them.

“The change in the US has a critical impact on the foreign policy changes we are seeing all over the region,” Zaga continued. “There is an understanding that something needs to change. At this point, the umbrella that the US is offering is limited and vague.”

The UAE and Iran had a significant relationship long before normalization with Israel was considered. Trade between Abu Dhabi and Tehran is substantial and remained so even during times of heightened tensions. The UAE is Iran’s second-largest trade partner after China. This relationship is not going away and Israel understands this.

“Israel is understanding of this,” said Teitelbaum. According to him, the steps by the UAE are largely a signal to Washington. “When they see that the US seems to be withdrawing and that Iran may get the better of the US in the nuclear talks, they are going to want to have improved relations with Iran.”

Israel and the UAE share concern over Iran, but the threat is perceived differently. Lackluster American responses to Iranian attacks throughout the Middle East have left a long-lasting impression on the Gulf states.

“The Emiratis are much more dependent on the US and much closer in proximity to Iran,” said Guzansky. “Israel needs to understand that the UAE cannot align itself with Israel against Iran; there can be cooperation on tactical moves but anything more is against their interest.”

It is clear that the region is in a period of major geopolitical changes. Both the UAE and Israel appear to be pragmatic about the relations and both are looking to see how the US is repositioning itself.

“Everyone wants the US to step up and everyone is hedging their bets,” said Teitelbaum, “but we are not witnessing any tectonic shifts here.”

伊朗外長：我們不會在核談判中籤署臨時協議

伊朗外交部強調，伊朗不會考慮在維也納核談判中達成臨時協議。

通過耶路撒冷郵報STAFF

發佈時間： 2021 年 12 月 6 日 09:47

更新時間： 2021 年 12 月 6 日 12:39

2021 年 11 月 29 日，歐洲對外行動署 (EEAS) 副秘書長恩里克·莫拉 (Enrique Mora) 和伊朗首席核談判代表阿里·巴蓋里·卡尼 (Ali Bagheri Kani) 在奧地利維也納等待 JCPOA 聯合委員會會議的開始。

（圖片來源：歐盟駐維也納代表團/通過路透社的講義）

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據伊朗媒體報導，伊朗外交部發言人周一強調，伊朗只是在談判解除制裁，並未考慮達成臨時或臨時協議。

發言人賽義德·哈蒂布扎德 (Saeed Khatibzadeh) 補充說，伊朗“不著急”，不會允許任何人在維也納“玩弄”他們的時間和精力。

Khatibzadeh聲稱，雖然伊朗代表團願意靈活，但對方不願意。他補充說，伊朗代表團正在等待世界大國就該代表團提交的兩份文件對它們在製裁和核問題上的立場發表意見。

“我們知道我們想要什麼，我們想要什麼完全在 JCPOA 的框架內，”發言人說，並補充說伊朗提供的文本可以進行談判和審查。

這位發言人補充說，重要的是在下週末恢復會談，並表示會談並未結束，只是休息了幾天。

2021 年 4 月 10 日在伊朗德黑蘭舉行的伊朗國家核能日期間展出了許多新一代伊朗離心機（圖片來源：伊朗總統辦公室/WANA（西亞新聞社）/通過路透社的講義）

Khatibzadeh 還拒絕了以色列總理納夫塔利·貝內特( Naftali Bennett)要求世界大國在繼續維也納會談之前迫使伊朗停止濃縮鈾的要求，稱“耶路撒冷的佔領政權從第一天起就反對該地區的任何對話。”

“歷史可悲的是，這些聲明是由聲稱擁有核彈頭的政權官員發表的，他們不是任何國際監督機構的成員，也沒有接受保障措施，”發言人說，並進一步回應貝內特的聲明將是“浪費時間”。

伊朗與世界大國在維也納舉行的最新一輪會談於週五結束，沒有任何進展。

“伊朗目前似乎並不認真採取必要措施恢復合規，這就是我們結束在維也納舉行的這一輪談判的原因，”美國國務卿安東尼·布林肯週五在虛擬的路透社下次會議上表示。“如果恢復遵守協議的道路被證明是一條死胡同，我們將尋求其他選擇。”

國防部長本尼·甘茨和摩薩德負責人大衛·巴尼亞本週都將訪問華盛頓，與美國官員討論伊朗問題。

Iran FM: We won't sign an interim deal in nuclear talks

Iran's Foreign Ministry stressed that Iran would not consider an interim agreement in nuclear talks in Vienna.

By JERUSALEM POST STAFF

Published: DECEMBER 6, 2021 09:47

Updated: DECEMBER 6, 2021 12:39

Deputy Secretary-General of the European External Action Service (EEAS) Enrique Mora and Iran's chief nuclear negotiator Ali Bagheri Kani wait for the start of a meeting of the JCPOA Joint Commission in Vienna, Austria November 29, 2021.

(photo credit: EU DELEGATION IN VIENNA/HANDOUT VIA REUTERS)

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A spokesman for Iran's Foreign Ministry stressed on Monday that Iran was only negotiating the lifting of sanctions and was not considering a temporary or interim agreement, according to Iranian media.

The spokesman, Saeed Khatibzadeh, added that Iran is "not in a hurry" and would not allow anyone to "play" with their time and energy in Vienna.

Khatibzadeh claimed that while the Iranian delegation was willing to be flexible, the other side was unwilling. He added that the Iranian delegation was waiting to receive the opinion of the world powers concerning two documents the delegation submitted on their positions concerning sanctions and nuclear issues.

"We know what we want and what we want is completely within the framework of the JCPOA," said the spokesman, adding that the texts provided by Iran could be negotiated and examined.

The spokesman added that it is important that the talks resume this coming weekend, saying that the talks had not ended but had just taken a break for a few days.

A number of new generation Iranian centrifuges are seen on display during Iran's National Nuclear Energy Day in Tehran, Iran April 10, 2021 (credit: IRANIAN PRESIDENCY OFFICE/WANA (WEST ASIA NEWS AGENCY)/HANDOUT VIA REUTERS)

Khatibzadeh also rejected demands by Israeli Prime Minister Naftali Bennett for world powers to force Iran to stop enriching uranium before continuing the talks in Vienna, saying "The occupying regime in Jerusalem has been opposed to any dialogue in the region since day one."

"The sad thing about history is that these statements are made by regime officials who claim to have nuclear warheads and are not a member of any international monitoring regime and have not accepted the safeguards," said the spokesman, saying that addressing Bennett's statements any further would be a "waste of time."

The latest round of talks between Iran and world powers in Vienna ended on Friday without any progress.

“Iran right now does not seem to be serious about doing what’s necessary to return to compliance, which is why we ended this round of talks in Vienna,” said US Secretary of State Antony Blinken at the virtual Reuters Next Conference on Friday. "If the path to a return to compliance with the agreement turns out to be a dead-end, we will pursue other options."

Both Defense Minister Benny Gantz and Mossad chief David Barnea are visiting Washington this week to discuss Iran with US officials.

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