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Episode #2: The 3 divisions of Spanish tenses (the big picture) indicative (real things), subjunctive (not real things) and imperative (commands)
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It's very important for me to let you know from the beginning that Spanish has 3 main parts. If you map up this now, it will be easy to grasp every tense you study and its logic.
Indicative tenses: we use these tenses to express REAL THINGS: I have a cat / Tengo un gato.
Subjunctive tenses: we use these tenses to express NOT REAL THINGS: I hope you have a nice day. / Espero (indicativo) que tengas (subjuntivo) un buen dia. As you see, we express a hope, and hope is not a fact, so that's why we must use subjuntivo, because it is just a desire, something that is not real, it's not a fact.
Imperative tenses are commands, as in English language: Do your homework / Haz tu tarea.
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