))
Listen to Safety Steps to learn how to stay safe. Safety Steps offers insights from many different experts in the realm of violence crime to help educate people on modern violence.
…
continue reading
Coffee Talk with Ian & Ivy officially concluded production in January 2019. Listen to the full catalog of past episodes on Anchor and wherever you listen to podcasts. --- Grab your coffee and listen in. We’re Ian & Ivy, two college students in Boulder, Colorado, entering a brand-new phase of our lives with plenty of lessons learned and so much more to discover. Youth and young adults, listen in every other Wednesday for the Gen-Z view on current events!
…
continue reading
Background Briefing goes far beyond the headlines and deep under the radar to bring forward truths unheard elsewhere in American media. Background Briefing features international and national news, expert guests, policymakers, and critics offering analysis and insight on national security, foreign and domestic policy, political, cultural, and social issues. backgroundbriefing.org/donate twitter.com/ianmastersmedia facebook.com/ianmastersmedia
…
continue reading
The Familiar Strange is a podcast about doing anthropology: that is, about listening, looking, trying out, and being with, in pursuit of uncommon knowledge about humans and culture. Find show notes, plus our blog about anthropology's role in the world, at https://www.thefamiliarstrange.com. Twitter: @tfsTweets. FB: facebook.com/thefamiliarstrange. Instagram: @thefamiliarstrange. Brought to you by your familiar strangers: Ian Pollock, Jodie-Lee Trembath, Julia Brown, Simon Theobald, Kylie Won ...
…
continue reading
Every other week the experts at AOPA bring you up to speed on all things flying.
…
continue reading
Legendary Manchester City broadcaster Ian Cheeseman has three MCFC fans in to the studio to discuss the major events of the past week's football. Expect debate, famous faces and plenty of laughs.
…
continue reading
New York based actor, comedian, and improviser Ian Herrin is a terrible therapist and no one should go see him. As a former patient, I feel it's my personal responsibility to expose Ian as the unprofessional, unqualified Sigmund Fraud that he has always been. You can hear a new leaked therapy session featuring Ian's diverse cast of talented patients every single Monday with frequent Thursday bonus eps! Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/sigmund-fraud/support
…
continue reading
Dr. Lee Moore talks Chinese literature and Chinese culture more broadly.
…
continue reading
Interviews and discussions about XTC, from White Music to Wasp Star and beyond
…
continue reading
The Undertaking is an Arrow podcast in which Ian Bodkin, Lee Busby, Rhys Parton, Sandro Falce and executive producer Dean Hill review the latest episodes of 'Arrow' and 'The Flash' on a weekly basis.
…
continue reading
The Tonight Show is the longest-running talk show on television and the #1 late-night program on digital. Listen to new episodes weekday mornings (Tuesday-Friday) featuring the latest news from Jimmy’s monologue, extended interviews with celebrity guests, sketches, games, stand-up and more.
…
continue reading
‘9WERKS Radio’ @9werks.radio is your dedicated Porsche and car podcast, taking you closer than ever to the world’s finest sports cars and the culture and history behind them. The show is brought to you by 9werks.co.uk, the innovative online platform for Porsche enthusiasts. Hosted by Porsche Journalist Lee Sibley @9werks_lee, 911 owner and engineer Andy Brookes @993andy and obsessive Porsche enthusiast & magazine junkie Max Newman @maxripcor, with special input from friends and experts aroun ...
…
continue reading
Are you a designer struggling to find your way in the modern world? Learn how to make a dent in the creative universe with Tom Ross, Ian Barnard, Dustin Lee and Lisa Glanz. Each of your hosts have found tremendous success in their own creative fields. They’re here to give you a completely honest, under the hood look at what it takes to flourish in this crazy creative vocation! You’ll discover actionable tips to land more clients, find your style, successfully brand yourself, and ultimately f ...
…
continue reading
The Queen’s Reading Room podcast is a place for book lovers - and those who wish they loved literature a little more - to be inspired by the bookish confessions of global literary heroes. Authors from all over the world have shared their own literary treasures with us; revealing their favourite writers, most treasured books and earliest reading memories. Who does Sir Ian Rankin read when he is low? Where does David Baddiel stash his fiction and which masterpiece has Ann Patchett given up on ...
…
continue reading
Nothing in Emma Greyson's life has ever made sense, and it's only gotten weirder since she was injected with a mysterious substance that left her with telekinetic abilities. Somehow, it all seems to be tied back to her father's top secret job, and the escaped test subjects he experimented on... and something called "The Elysium Project". The Elysium Project is a cinematic, full cast audio drama written and produced by Natalie Van Sistine. Featured in the cast are Amber Lee Connors (Emma), Xa ...
…
continue reading
Transform your WordPress agency through small, achievable actions that lead to BIG change. The home of simple-to-apply techniques that result in significant change. Learn your way. audio, video, written or in-person.
…
continue reading
Join us every Wednesday as we giving you our weekly perspective on pop culture, sports, and entertainment. We're bring you humor, fresh takes...and a little dose of knowledge!
…
continue reading
We talk to Winnipeg business owners, leaders, executives, entrepreneurs, and local celebrities. We get to learn who they are, their stories, and we get to hear their perspective on what‘s going on in Winnipeg and their businesses
…
continue reading
Bringing you all the latest tips, tricks and advice from Australia's leading detailers and aftermarket professionals.
…
continue reading
Broadening access to venture capital, one conversation at a time - from advice about careers to getting your business funded, we’re putting it all out there. Each week we bring you a conversation with one of our friends in the investment industry: associates, interns and a whole host of others. Hosted by: Francesca Baillieu, Tunde Adekeye and Danielle Bennett Contact us at: associatedpodcast@gmail.com Resources: https://www.notion.so/Associated-Recommended-Reading-1a29e4a622484181aa13923ee35 ...
…
continue reading
The Analog Show chats with designers and creatives about their origin story, process, and what inspires them, hosted by Ian Jackson.
…
continue reading
This is where we talk with martial arts instructors, students and competitors about teaching, training, competing, history, philosophy and anything to do with martial arts.
…
continue reading
Jim Law and Lee Dixon deliver 'The Full Toss' on all things Chester Boughton Hall and beyond with special guests.
…
continue reading
Clive Anderson and guests with an eclectic mix of conversation, music and comedy
…
continue reading
The Fox Cricket team follow-on, as all the summer's action unfolds.
…
continue reading
rzile@hotmail.com info@brainfoodrecords.com.au @brainfoodrecords Radio mixes from 2013-2018 on Mixcloud & Hearthis. Rob Zile's first EP was released in September 2009 on Artefekz Muzik. Following this EP many doors were opened; from being asked to remix other artists to forging great relationships with other dj’s, producers and record labels from around the world. It also gave him the opportunity to play his first international gig at the WMC Techno Marathon in Miami in 2010, sharing the bil ...
…
continue reading
Welcome to Carolina Reeper with Jon Reep! A weekly podcast by comedian Jon Reep and his pals from Hickory. Jon lived in Los Angles for 18 years, but after his dad suffered a stroke, he moved back home to take care of his folks in Hickory, NC. Jon has spent half of his life in North Carolina and the other half in California. He's the Urban Cowboy of podcasting. Each week Jon chats with his Hickory friends, his parents, other comedians & even celebrity guests. He has ongoing segments such as " ...
…
continue reading
Interviews with mathematics education researchers about recent studies. Hosted by Samuel Otten, University of Missouri. www.mathedpodcast.com Produced by Fibre Studios
…
continue reading
Podcast by SMORGASBORD PODCAST
…
continue reading
Legion of Skanks has been called "The Most Offensive Podcast on Earth" and the hosts and creators wouldn't want it any other way! Stand up comedians and real-life best friends Big Jay Oakerson, Luis J. Gomez, and Dave Smith host their weekly "podcast party" from The Stand NYC where they discuss anything and everything in a hilarious and extremely uncensored way. The "Skanks" consistently raise the bar on filth and depravity. The goal of the show isn't to educate, but rather to make you piss ...
…
continue reading
If you are seeking new ways to increase your ROI on marketing with your commerce platform, or you may be an entrepreneur who wants to grow your team and be more efficient with your online business. Talk Commerce with Brent W. Peterson draws stories from merchants, marketers, and entrepreneurs who share their experiences in the trenches to help you learn what works and what may not in your business. Keep up with the current news on commerce platforms, marketing trends, and what is new in the ...
…
continue reading
Let's listen to records (or CDs, or mp3, or whatever you've got) together! I share stories, artist interviews and reviews from the world of music with an emphasis on rock, prog, metal, pop (especially 70s and 80s), indie, or whatever else is floating my boat at any given time. Support the show at: patreon.com/michaelsrecordcollection
…
continue reading
They're back! Join the West Midlands Ghostbusters for Season 2 of Fate, Luck & Karma as they talk about their favourite movie series, wander dangerously close to the etheric plane, and then quickly come back again when realising they're very much out of their depth. Hosted by Dean, Theo, Lee, Jay and friends, and recorded live in the home of metal music, Ozzy Osbourne and the Peaky Blinders - the West Midlands, UK. Want a mention on the show or have a question for the team? Just drop us a li ...
…
continue reading
Hosted by Negin Farsad, everyone's favorite Iranian American Muslim Comedian Podcast Host with Black Hair and Red Glasses, Fake the Nation is a comedy show that isn't afraid to talk about news, culture, and humanity’s weirdness. Every week Negin is joined by her funniest, smartest, and most politically astute friends. People like Samantha Bee, Neil deGrasse Tyson, Paula Poundstone, Margaret Cho, Larry Wilmore and others. They’ll make you laugh, think, and deliver a gut punch to the country w ...
…
continue reading
Health Unchained dives into healthcare projects enabled by blockchain technology. Listen to healthcare leaders, executives, entrepreneurs, researchers, and medical professionals who share their insights and experience.
…
continue reading
Welcome to the Greatest Game with Jamie Carragher, where each week Jamie will be speaking to a footballer or a football fan, about their team, their love of football and asking what is the greatest game of football that they have ever seen or played in. Twitter @GreatestGamePod Instagram @greatestgamepod Email greatestgamepod@gmail.com
…
continue reading
LaunchLeft is a music discovery podcast where famed creatives launch emerging artists. Hosted by Rain Phoenix you can expect in-depth conversations with well-known musicians discussing their process and, throwing light to emerging artists. LaunchLeft is an alliance of artists who break from the norm and lean into the unique. We enlist famed creatives to launch emerging artists. For full video episodes go to LaunchLeft.com/Podcast
…
continue reading
Drawing on over 300 years of British Army leadership experience, ’The Centre for Army Leadership Podcast’ looks to establish what is required of our leaders and our leadership, to meet the challenges of both today and tomorrow. For the British Army, leadership underpins everything that we do. It not only ensures we do right by our people, it underpins our operational success. This podcast series seeks to harness diversity of thought and experience from military leaders as well as leaders fro ...
…
continue reading
Jasen Lee and Amy Donaldson are speaking out and speaking up about the issues facing our community. We are engaging in conversations that seek to help us understand our differing views and opinions on complex social justice issues, and what possible common ground might guide us in our search for solutions.
…
continue reading
Write Behind Us is a music conversation between two recording artists. The kind of conversations musicians regularly have back stage or on the curb outside a show. Loose talk about creativity, narrative of a career, challenges in music and/or things that suck/are amazing.
…
continue reading
I've worked in Emergency Services for over 30 years and enjoy talking with industry leaders about how to improve it. In this podcast where I explore emergency services in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia. We talk with leaders and responders for Fire, EMS, Law Enforcement, Emergency Management, and Public Health.
…
continue reading
The Author of the Goldwater Rule Which Gagged Psychiatrists Now Calls For Trump to Be Evaluated For Dementia | Trump's Plans To Round Up Enemies Into Concentration Camps Are the Same as Hitler's Who Quickly Turned Democracy Into Dictatorship | The Abraham Accords Are Becoming a Pipe Dream as Netanyahu Drives Saudi Arabia and Iran Togetherbackground…
…
continue reading
Jimmy addresses the latest news, like Trump piling on makeup and dressing up as a garbage man in Wisconsin, before speaking with Anthony Mackie and Sarah Sherman.
…
continue reading
1
The Human Advantage Ep. 28 -From Bearskins to Battlefields: Leadership Lessons from WO1 Aidan O’Brien, OUOTC & Grenadier Guards.
44:15
In this episode, our Host Ash Bhardwaj, speaks with WO1 Aidan O’Brien, Regimental Sergeant Major (RSM) of Oxford Universities Officers Training Corps. Aidan has served a lengthy military career in the Grenadier Guards, with operational tours in Kosovo, Bosnia, Iraq, and Afghanistan, and played a pivotal role in both state ceremonial duties and fron…
…
continue reading
In the second of a special two-part edition of What Do You Call That Noise? The XTC Podcast, supporters on Patreon ask questions they had always wanted Andy Partridge to answer that he never gets asked. The challenge was to come up with questions that would surprise, delight and generally intrigue the XTC frontman. They do not disappoint! The resul…
…
continue reading
The Murdochs and Their Fox News Propagandists Are Laying the Groundwork For a New Civil War | A "Prairie Populist" in Nebraska is Campaigning the Way Democrats Should be in Red States | "Why is This Election Even Close?"backgroundbriefing.org/donatetwitter.com/ianmastersmediafacebook.com/ianmastersmedia…
…
continue reading
1
White House Hosts Annual Halloween Celebration | Salma Hayek Pinault, David Chang, Kelsea Ballerini | Wednesday, October 30
33:05
Jimmy shares some exciting holiday news before speaking with Salma Hayek Pinault, David Chang, and Kelsea Ballerini.
…
continue reading
Today, we'll take a look at the final messages of the presidential campaigns, the concept of "divorce parties," and we'll take a look at a rift between two sisters. To break all of this down and more are all-star Fake the Nation panelists, Leah Bonnema and Seena Ghaznavi. ——Rate Fake The Nation 5-stars on Apple Podcasts and leave us a review! Follo…
…
continue reading
1
Can Steve Smith and Virat Kohli wind back the clock? Is Jason Gillespie the man to save Pakistan cricket?
30:46
Two of Australia's leading sport journalists in Robert Craddock and Daniel Cherny join Courtney Walsh on the Follow On to discuss Australia's white ball series against Pakistan, before turning their attention to the blockbuster Test series between Australia and India. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.…
…
continue reading
The October Surprise As a Trump Self-Inflicted Wound | 2024 Collusion Between Trump and Putin and Musk and Putin | The Supreme Court's Latest Partisan Ruling Allowing a Voter Purge in Virginiabackgroundbriefing.org/donatetwitter.com/ianmastersmediafacebook.com/ianmastersmedia由Ian Masters
…
continue reading
LIVE from Hickory! It's another brand new edition of the Carolina Reeper Show! Today’s episode is like eating Ghoulish Goobers and Gobstoppers on a Great Pacific Garbage Patch. Did you hear what that comedian said at the Trump Rally ? Jon and the gang dive into Tony Hinchcliffe's comments about Puerto Rico at Trump's Madison Square Garden rally. Th…
…
continue reading
1
Trump Calls Racist MSG Rally an "Absolute Love Fest" | Olivia Rodrigo, Keri Russell, Andrea Bocelli | Tuesday, October 29
30:05
Jimmy addresses the latest news, like Trump calling his Madison Square Garden rally a "love fest," before speaking with Olivia Rodrigo, Keri Russell and Andrea Bocelli.
…
continue reading
Brain Food Radio hosted by Rob Zile/KissFM/29-10-24/ROB ZILE (full show)https://kissfm.com.au/SHOW/brainfoodPART 101 - Itay Dailes - The way it is (Original Mix)02 - ELYPTK - DSPTX-240308 (Original Mix)03 - Minube - Greek (Fedo Remix)04 - Majak & Diego Knows - Swing Low (Original Mix)06 - amillionsons Feat. Eddy Temple-Morris - Underground Night Mu…
…
continue reading
Send us a text In this episode of Safety Steps, we sit down with Amanda Kippert, a dedicated advocate in the fight against domestic violence, to discuss how we can prevent and address abuse against women in our communities. Amanda shares her expertise on early intervention, emphasizing the importance of teaching young women about healthy relationsh…
…
continue reading
Israel's Expulsion of UNRWA From Gaza Will Worsen an Already Dire Humanitarian Disaster | The Puerto Rican Vote After Trump's Hate-Filled Rally He Called a "Love Fest" | Apparently Trump's "Christians" No Longer "Love Thy Neighbor As Thyself"backgroundbriefing.org/donatetwitter.com/ianmastersmediafacebook.com/ianmastersmedia…
…
continue reading
1
Trump's Unhinged, Racist Rally at Madison Square Garden | Reba McEntire, Lauren Lapkus, A.J. & Big Justice and The Rizzler | Monday, October 28
27:00
Jimmy addresses the latest news, like Trump's unhinged, racist rally at Madison Square Garden, before speaking with Reba McEntire, Lauren Lapkus, A.J. & Big Justice and The Rizzler.
…
continue reading
Summary In this episode of Talk Commerce, Brent Peterson interviews John Reagh, the CRO of Session AI, discussing the innovative use of behavioral AI in retail. John explains how Session AI helps retailers understand customer intent and improve conversion rates through real-time scoring and insights. The conversation delves into the differences bet…
…
continue reading
Trump and His Warm-up Acts Spew Racist Hatred at Sunday's Madison Square Garden Rally | Billionaires and CEOs Suck Up to Trump Hedging Their Bets in Fear of Retribution | The Disputed Election Results in the Former Soviet State of Georgia由Ian Masters
…
continue reading
Priya V. Prasad from the University of Texas at San Antonio discusses her NSF-project working with college algebra instructors and previews some research that will be shared at the PME-NA conference in a report entitled "Factors contributing to instructional shifts at the college level," co-author Jessica Gehrtz. Priya's professional webpage https:…
…
continue reading
There's far too much going in the Presidential election right now, so to break it all down we've got Benari for a special bonus episode to discuss everything going on with General Kelly, Liz Cheney, and yes, even Arnold Palmer. ——Rate Fake The Nation 5-stars on Apple Podcasts and leave us a review! Follow Negin Farsad on Twitter Email Negin fakethe…
…
continue reading
Progressive rock master Neal Morse is a prolific and qualitative force in modern prog and he's back on the show to talk about a brand new band project called Neal Morse & the Resonance. The band will drop its debut album, No Hill for a Climber, Nov. 8 on Inside Out Music. Neal discusses the other band members, making the album and writing the songs…
…
continue reading
Automotive journalist Kyle Fortune is our guest panellist this week as we discuss the evolution of Porsche’s revered 911 GT3 product. The team dissect the GT3’s evolution, model by model, including the key differences and engineering innovations since 1999, while feeding back on how each model drives compared to the other. Find your dream GT3 on th…
…
continue reading
Peter Dammond is a main experiencing blackouts and lost time. This can be a very dangerous life circumstance to navigate, but perhaps even more dangerous is choosing that real Sigmund Fraud of a therapist Ian Herrin to try and resolve this sensitive issue! Anybody would be a better therapist than he is!! Especially Miami Heat head coach Eric Spoels…
…
continue reading
Ian Cheeseman was the BBC's Manchester City correspondent for nearly 25 years and has been a fan all of his life. Here he hosts his weekly podcast, Forever Blue, where all things Man City are discussed. Sponsored by Counting King, experts in business finance. Ian is joined by former City player Leith Curle to discuss all things Manchester City. Mar…
…
continue reading
Reactions to Israel's Retaliation Against Iran Appear to Indicate a Winding Down of Escalation | The Press Allows Trump to Be Lawless While Expecting Harris to be Flawless | Will the Election be Won by the Billionaire Tech Bros or Will the American People Save Our Democracy?backgroundbriefing.org/donatetwitter.com/ianmastersmediafacebook.com/ianmas…
…
continue reading
1
Harriet Walter, John Douglas Thompson, Robert Popper, Jessica Hepburn, Emily Burns, Wes Finch
35:25
Loose Ends is at the Stratford-upon-Avon Literary Festival and Stuart Maconie is joined by Harriet Walter, who has played many roles at the RSC in Stratford and has just published 'She Speaks!', a book imagining what Shakespeare's women might have said if they'd been given half a chance. John Douglas Thompson is one of America's finest classical ac…
…
continue reading
Comedians Bret Ernst & Aaron Berg join Big Jay Oakerson, Luis J. Gomez, and Dave Smith to discuss the tragic death of One Direction member Liam Payne, how to deposit a million dollars in pennies, and settle an argument between Luis and Jay regarding who has fatter looking hands. All This and More, ONLY on The Most Offensive Podcast on Earth, The LE…
…
continue reading
1
Beyoncé to Take the Stage at Harris Rally | Sacha Baron Cohen, Brett Goldstein, Ian Lara | Thursday, October 24
30:55
Jimmy addresses the latest news, like Beyoncé set to perform at Harris' rally in Houston, before speaking with Sacha Baron Cohen and Brett Goldstein and welcoming comedian Ian Lara for stand-up.
…
continue reading
What Does North Korea Get in Return For Sending Cannon Fodder to Ukraine? | Another South African Billionaire, the Owner of the LA Times, Comes to the Aid of Donald Trump | This Election as a Reckoning on Whether America Has Abandoned Democracy for Dictatorship Under the Spell of a Convicted Felon and Serial Liarbackgroundbriefing.org/donatetwitter…
…
continue reading
In this episode, Douglas Heintzman, Chief Catalyst at the Blockchain Research Institute, and Ray Dogum meet to uncover the cutting-edge intersection of AI, blockchain, and personalized medicine in healthcare. With extensive experience at IBM, Doug provides profound insights into AI's transformative role in drug discovery, clinical trials, diagnosti…
…
continue reading
1
Trump's Praise for Hitler Is Revealed | Megan Thee Stallion, Billy Crystal, Julian Casablancas | Wednesday, October 23
38:15
Jimmy addresses the latest news, like Donald Trump's former chief of staff John Kelly saying Trump praised Hitler, before speaking with Megan Thee Stallion, Billy Crystal and Julian Casablancas.
…
continue reading
Today, we're checking in on the elections, we'll take a look at the "Click-To-Cancel" law, how Grindr is using AI as your new wingman, and we ask if we've reached peak human lifespan. This week we're joined by host of The Political Orphanage, Andrew Heaton, as well as the host of Betches Brides, Selena Coppock! ——Thank you to this week’s sponsors: …
…
continue reading
How the Latino and Latina Vote Will Decide the Election and Trump's Latest Racist Slur at Mexicans | As Trump Tries to Win the Votes of Workers, His Anti-Worker Record is Glaring | A Scholar of Fascism and Italy, Where Fascism Began, On Trump's Former Chief of Staff's Comment That Trump "Fits Into the General Definition of Fascist"backgroundbriefin…
…
continue reading
Welcome back to the season finale of The Queen's Reading Room Podcast. This week we meet the brilliant Bernadine Evaristo, Booker Prize winner, author of ten novels including 'Mr Loverman' and academic. In this electrifying episode, Bernadine walks us through her early literary influences and recounts the novels which first allowed her to dream of …
…
continue reading
1
McDonald's Dodges Trump Endorsement After Staged Event | Tom Holland, Bridget Everett | Tuesday, October 22
28:11
Jimmy addresses the latest news, like McDonald's saying it's not endorsing a presidential candidate after Trump's staged event, before speaking with Tom Holland and Bridget Everett.
…
continue reading
Brain Food Radio hosted by Rob Zile/KissFM/22-10-24/#2 MARK JACKUS (GUEST MIX)@markjackushttps://kissfm.com.au/guest-mix/mark-jackus-guest-mix-22-10-2024-brain-food-radiohttps://kissfm.com.au/SHOW/brainfood由Rob Zile
…
continue reading
Brain Food Radio hosted by Rob Zile/KissFM/22-10-24/#1 ROB ZILEhttps://kissfm.com.au/SHOW/brainfoodPART 101 - Blaktony - Butt Naked (Original Mix)02 - Gratts - Mount Olympus (Original Mix)03 - Double Body - Hallucination (Original Mix)04 - RKYV - Jupiter Structure (Mr D. Deep Edit) 05 - Aquarius Heaven, Eric Volta - Life Worth Living (Deadbeat's Ke…
…
continue reading
Send us a text Join the team as they discuss the sequel to previous Haslab Ghostbuster campaigns that saw both the Spengler Pack and Ghostbusters Plasma Series HasLab Two in the Box! Ghost Trap and P.K.E. Meter be successfully backed and moved into production - but this time around, it's the Haslab Ghostbusters Plasma Series Ectomobile! You'll hear…
…
continue reading
In this episode of Talk Commerce, Ian Rowan, CEO of X-HOPPER, discusses the innovative role of AI in enhancing retail communication and customer experience. He emphasizes the importance of empowering store associates with real-time data and insights to improve sales and reduce theft. The conversation explores the differences in shopping patterns be…
…
continue reading
